{"id":23204,"date":"2022-03-04T08:31:25","date_gmt":"2022-03-04T07:31:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/?p=23204"},"modified":"2022-03-04T08:51:13","modified_gmt":"2022-03-04T07:51:13","slug":"finlande-1939-nous-nous-battons-seuls-contre-lenvahisseur-sovietique","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/2022\/03\/04\/finlande-1939-nous-nous-battons-seuls-contre-lenvahisseur-sovietique\/","title":{"rendered":"Finlande, 1939 : \u201cNous nous battons seuls contre l\u2019envahisseur\u201d sovi\u00e9tique"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>L\u2019invasion russe de l\u2019Ukraine r\u00e9veille de mauvais souvenirs en Finlande. Devenu ind\u00e9pendant en 1917, \u00e0 la faveur de l\u2019\u00e9croulement de l\u2019empire tsariste, ce pays a d\u00fb endurer, lui aussi, une agression militaire au d\u00e9but de la Seconde Guerre mondiale.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_23205\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-23205\" style=\"width: 700px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/winterwar.jpg?ssl=1\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"23205\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/2022\/03\/04\/finlande-1939-nous-nous-battons-seuls-contre-lenvahisseur-sovietique\/winterwar\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/winterwar.jpg?fit=940%2C628&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"940,628\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"winterwar\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/winterwar.jpg?fit=700%2C468&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"wp-image-23205 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/winterwar.jpg?resize=700%2C468&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"700\" height=\"468\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/winterwar.jpg?resize=700%2C468&amp;ssl=1 700w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/winterwar.jpg?resize=300%2C200&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/winterwar.jpg?resize=768%2C513&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/winterwar.jpg?w=940&amp;ssl=1 940w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-23205\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Un emplacement de mitrailleuse finlandaise attend les soldats sovi\u00e9tiques, en f\u00e9vrier 1940. Wikimedia Commons<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Dans son \u00e9dition du 2\u00a0mars, <strong>Hufvudstadsbladet<\/strong><strong>,<\/strong> lu par la minorit\u00e9 su\u00e9dophone de Finlande, reproduit la une de son \u00e9dition du 11\u00a0d\u00e9cembre 1939, avec l\u2019appel au <em>\u201cmonde civilis\u00e9\u201d<\/em> lanc\u00e9 par le Parlement de ce jeune \u00c9tat. Cela fait alors douze jours que, sur ordre de Staline, l\u2019Arm\u00e9e rouge a envahi son petit voisin occidental avec la certitude de le faire plier rapidement. La Finlande ne compte alors que 3,7\u00a0millions d\u2019habitants, face aux 168\u00a0millions de Sovi\u00e9tiques. \u00c0 Helsinki, les d\u00e9put\u00e9s, oubliant leurs divergences, r\u00e9digent une d\u00e9claration unanime \u00e0 destination des <em>\u201cpeuples de culture\u201d,<\/em> auxquels ils\u00a0s\u2019identifient.<\/p>\n<p><em>\u201cLe peuple finlandais, qui s\u2019est toujours efforc\u00e9 honn\u00eatement de construire son avenir en harmonie avec toutes les autres nations et sur la base d\u2019un travail pacifique, a \u00e9t\u00e9 victime d\u2019une attaque impitoyable de la part de son voisin oriental, sans que la Finlande obtienne la moindre explication\u201d,<\/em> protestent les parlementaires dans leur appel, reproduit par <em>Hufvudstadsbladet<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>S\u2019il n\u2019y a pas eu de d\u00e9claration de guerre, Joseph Staline r\u00e9clame depuis plusieurs mois une petite portion de l\u2019isthme de Car\u00e9lie, proche de Leningrad (l\u2019actuelle Saint-P\u00e9tersbourg), et la location d\u2019une presqu\u2019\u00eele \u00e0 l\u2019entr\u00e9e du golfe de Finlande pour y \u00e9tablir une base<\/p>\n<p>[&#8230;]<\/p>\n<p>Source\u00a0: <em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.courrierinternational.com\/article\/histoire-finlande-1939-nous-nous-battons-seuls-contre-lenvahisseur-sovietique\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Finlande, 1939 : \u201cNous nous battons seuls contre l\u2019envahisseur\u201d sovi\u00e9tique<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>L\u2019invasion russe de l\u2019Ukraine r\u00e9veille de mauvais souvenirs en Finlande. Devenu ind\u00e9pendant en 1917, \u00e0 la faveur de l\u2019\u00e9croulement de l\u2019empire tsariste, ce pays a d\u00fb endurer, lui aussi, une agression militaire au d\u00e9but de la Seconde Guerre mondiale. Dans son \u00e9dition du 2\u00a0mars, Hufvudstadsbladet, lu par la minorit\u00e9 su\u00e9dophone de Finlande, reproduit la une [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":23205,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_import_markdown_pro_load_document_selector":0,"_import_markdown_pro_submit_text_textarea":"","_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"activitypub_content_warning":"","activitypub_content_visibility":"","activitypub_max_image_attachments":3,"activitypub_interaction_policy_quote":"anyone","activitypub_status":"","footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"fullscreen","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[1117],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-23204","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-politis","8":"entry"},"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"featured_image_src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/winterwar.jpg?resize=600%2C400&ssl=1","featured_image_src_square":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/winterwar.jpg?resize=600%2C600&ssl=1","author_info":{"display_name":"Lyonel Kaufmann","author_link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/author\/lyonelk\/"},"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/winterwar.jpg?fit=940%2C628&ssl=1","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p1qtF4-62g","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":27929,"url":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/2026\/01\/19\/montreux-territet-twice-18-01-2026\/","url_meta":{"origin":23204,"position":0},"title":"Montreux-Territet Twice (18.01.2026)","author":"Lyonel Kaufmann","date":"19 janvier 2026","format":false,"excerpt":"Dans son ouvrage How I Take Photographs, Daido Moriyama pr\u00e9sente quelques-unes de ses d\u00e9marches. Une des premi\u00e8res pr\u00e9sent\u00e9e consiste pour lui \u00e0 parcourir dans les deux sens une rue fr\u00e9quent\u00e9e. Pour lui, \u00abThere is no better place to start than an ordinary shopping street - the kind you find in\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Blogcaf\u00e9&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Blogcaf\u00e9","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/category\/blogcafe-2\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/DSC01542-scaled.jpg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/DSC01542-scaled.jpg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/DSC01542-scaled.jpg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/DSC01542-scaled.jpg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/DSC01542-scaled.jpg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":19263,"url":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/2018\/05\/27\/en-finlande-les-sdf-disent-adieu-a-la-rue\/","url_meta":{"origin":23204,"position":1},"title":"En Finlande, les SDF disent adieu \u00e0 la rue","author":"Lyonel Kaufmann","date":"27 mai 2018","format":false,"excerpt":"Gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 sa politique du \u00ab logement d\u2019abord \u00bb, le petit pays du Nord est parvenu \u00e0 faire baisser durablement le nombre de sans-abri. Un succ\u00e8s qui intrigue ses voisins europ\u00e9ens. Un reportage fort int\u00e9ressant et \u00e9clairant du journal Le Monde. Extrait. 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Ce jour-l\u00e0, l'arm\u00e9e tente un coup d'Etat; ce dernier \u00e9choue, mais les g\u00e9n\u00e9raux rebelles, parmi lesquels figure le g\u00e9n\u00e9ral Franco, refusent la m\u00e9diation et poursuivent le combat. Pendant trois ans, cette guerre va d\u00e9chirer l'Espagne et co\u00fbter la vie\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;histoire&quot;","block_context":{"text":"histoire","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/category\/histoire-2\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/blogcafe1.jpg?fit=1024%2C683&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/blogcafe1.jpg?fit=1024%2C683&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/blogcafe1.jpg?fit=1024%2C683&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/blogcafe1.jpg?fit=1024%2C683&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":15209,"url":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/2015\/09\/29\/comptes-rendus-filmer-la-guerre-1944-1946-les-sovietiques-face-a-la-shoah\/","url_meta":{"origin":23204,"position":3},"title":"Comptes-rendus : \u00ab Filmer la guerre (1944-1946). Les Sovi\u00e9tiques face \u00e0 la Shoah \u00bb","author":"Lyonel Kaufmann","date":"29 septembre 2015","format":false,"excerpt":"L\u2019exposition et son catalogue ouvrent des perspectives passionnantes sur la construction d\u2019une m\u00e9moire sovi\u00e9tique isol\u00e9e des repr\u00e9sentations occidentales. Rendue plus complexe encore par les d\u00e9placements de fronti\u00e8res d\u2019apr\u00e8s-guerre brouillant la notion de juifs \u00ab\u00a0sovi\u00e9tiques\u00a0\u00bb, \u00ab\u00a0hongrois\u00a0\u00bb ou \u00ab\u00a0polonais\u00a0\u00bb, puis par la Guerre froide, elle \u00e9volue vers une reconnaissance ambigu\u00eb de la\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;histoire&quot;","block_context":{"text":"histoire","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/category\/histoire-2\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/09\/iu.jpeg?fit=797%2C543&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/09\/iu.jpeg?fit=797%2C543&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/09\/iu.jpeg?fit=797%2C543&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/09\/iu.jpeg?fit=797%2C543&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":7736,"url":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/2006\/09\/15\/beevor-anthony-2006-la-guerre-despagne\/","url_meta":{"origin":23204,"position":4},"title":"Beevor Anthony (2006) &#8211; La Guerre d&rsquo;Espagne","author":"Lyonel Kaufmann","date":"15 septembre 2006","format":false,"excerpt":"La Guerre d\u2019Espagne de l\u2019Anglais Anthony Beevor remporte en Espagne un grand succ\u00e8s depuis 2005. Beevor avait d\u00e9j\u00e0 publi\u00e9 en 1982 (apr\u00e8s six ans de travail) une premi\u00e8re version de cet essai historique. C\u2019est son \u00e9diteur espagnol qui l\u2019a pouss\u00e9 \u00e0 r\u00e9diger une nouvelle mouture en b\u00e9n\u00e9ficiant des travaux les\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;histoire&quot;","block_context":{"text":"histoire","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/category\/histoire-2\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Beevor - Guerre d'Espagne","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.liberation.fr\/culture\/livre\/_files\/file_204332_41451.jpg?resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":7805,"url":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/2007\/04\/18\/differend-autour-du-souvenir-des-victimes-du-camp-dauschwitz-eurotopics\/","url_meta":{"origin":23204,"position":5},"title":"Diff\u00e9rend autour du souvenir des victimes du camp d&rsquo;Auschwitz (Euro|topics)","author":"Lyonel Kaufmann","date":"18 avril 2007","format":false,"excerpt":"Le journal hongrois N\u00e9pszabads\u00e1g nous apprend que le mus\u00e9e d'Auschwitz a repouss\u00e9 l'ouverture d'une exposition consacr\u00e9e au r\u00f4le de l'Arm\u00e9e rouge dans la lib\u00e9ration de ce camp de la mort. 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Beaucoup \u00e9taient issues des territoires annex\u00e9s par\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;histoire&quot;","block_context":{"text":"histoire","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/category\/histoire-2\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/blogcafe1.jpg?fit=1024%2C683&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/blogcafe1.jpg?fit=1024%2C683&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/blogcafe1.jpg?fit=1024%2C683&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/blogcafe1.jpg?fit=1024%2C683&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]}],"jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23204","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=23204"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23204\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":23213,"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23204\/revisions\/23213"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/23205"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=23204"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=23204"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=23204"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}