{"id":2828,"date":"2010-05-11T09:00:00","date_gmt":"2010-05-11T08:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/?p=2828"},"modified":"2010-05-11T09:00:00","modified_gmt":"2010-05-11T08:00:00","slug":"larry-cuban-blogue-sur-les-reformes-scolaires-et-les-tice-1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/2010\/05\/11\/larry-cuban-blogue-sur-les-reformes-scolaires-et-les-tice-1\/","title":{"rendered":"Larry Cuban blogue\u2026 sur les r\u00e9formes scolaires et les tice. (1)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>D\u00e9sormais, je sais que Larry Cuban blogue \u00e0 propos des r\u00e9formes scolaires et des tice et je me r\u00e9jouis de l&rsquo;y retrouver apr\u00e8s avoir lu avec grand int\u00e9r\u00eat ses ouvrages sur l&rsquo;histoire de l&rsquo;enseignement, les conditions pour que les r\u00e9formes et les politiques scolaires se traduisent dans les faits et l&rsquo;utilisation des technologies \u00e0 l&rsquo;\u00e9cole par les enseignants et les \u00e9l\u00e8ves. Thanks Larry!<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Larry Cuban est probablement une des personnes les plus int\u00e9ressantes que j&rsquo;ai rencontr\u00e9es, par livre et article interpos\u00e9s, relativement \u00e0 trois questions importantes pour moi: <em>\u00ab\u00a0comment est-ce que les enseignants enseignent ou ont enseign\u00e9 depuis la fin du 19e si\u00e8cle\u00a0\u00bb<\/em> ,<em> \u00ab\u00a0comment peut-on r\u00e9ussir \u00e0 r\u00e9former l&rsquo;\u00e9cole (dans un sens progressiste)\u00a0\u00bb<\/em> et <em>\u00ab\u00a0quel est l&rsquo;impact de l&rsquo;int\u00e9gration des technologies dans l&rsquo;enseignement\u00a0\u00bb.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Un de ses grands m\u00e9rites tient en sa volont\u00e9 de ne jamais se contenter des discours sur l&rsquo;enseignement ou l&rsquo;int\u00e9gration des tice, mais de constamment franchir le seuil de la porte pour entrer dans les classes et observer ce qui s&rsquo;y passe r\u00e9ellement. Ainsi en a-t-il \u00e9t\u00e9, notamment avec <em>\u00abHow Teachers taught?\u00bb<\/em> o\u00f9 il observait sur pr\u00e8s d&rsquo;un si\u00e8cle (!) si l&rsquo;enseignement avait \u00e9t\u00e9 plut\u00f4t centr\u00e9 sur le ma\u00eetre ou sur l&rsquo;\u00e9l\u00e8ve (et son \u00e9volution) et dans <em>\u00abOversold &amp; Underused. Computers in the Classroom\u00bb <\/em>sur l&rsquo;utilisation effective par les enseignant-e-s des ordinateurs dans leurs classes.<\/p>\n<p>Larry Cuban a observ\u00e9 l&rsquo;\u00e9cole \u00e0 plusieurs niveaux puisqu&rsquo;il a \u00e9t\u00e9 successivement enseignant de high school pendant 14 ans, superintendant de district scolaire (7 ans) et professeur d&rsquo;universit\u00e9 (20 ans). Il fait partie de l&rsquo;\u00e9cole progressiste am\u00e9ricaine dans la lign\u00e9e de John Dewey et c&rsquo;est sous cet angle-ci qu&rsquo;il faut comprendre son scepticisme relativement aux technologies. En effet, les r\u00e9sultats de ses travaux ont toujours mis en \u00e9vidence l&rsquo;\u00e9cart entre les discours des r\u00e9formateurs p\u00e9dagogiques ou des propagandistes technologiques (<em>\u00abl&rsquo;int\u00e9gration des technologies changera les m\u00e9thodes et d\u00e9marches d&rsquo;enseignement\u00bb<\/em>, <em>\u00abl&rsquo;\u00e9cole sera plus efficace\u00bb<\/em>) et la r\u00e9alit\u00e9 de la mise en oeuvre effective de leurs politiques dans les classes. De ces travaux et de son exp\u00e9rience de superintendant, il en a g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement et notamment conclu<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>que les r\u00e9formes scolaires avaient une chance d&rsquo;aboutir \u00e0 la condition de les conduire de bas en haut et non de haut en bas (hors c&rsquo;est g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement l&rsquo;inverse);<\/li>\n<li>que la structure scolaire du secondaire d\u00e9coup\u00e9e en p\u00e9riodes de 45 \u00e0 50 minutes \u00e9tait le frein le plus important au d\u00e9veloppement d&rsquo;une p\u00e9dagogie progressiste;<\/li>\n<li>et que la baisse du nombre d&rsquo;\u00e9l\u00e8ves par classe \u00e9tait le plus s\u00fbr moyen de d\u00e9velopper un enseignement centr\u00e9 sur l&rsquo;\u00e9l\u00e8ve (et non la technologie).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Ses projets r\u00e9cents de recherche porte sur l&rsquo;\u00e9tude des r\u00e9formes scolaires \u00e0 Austin au Texas de 1954 \u00e0 2009 et \u00e0 Mapleton (Colorado) de 2001 \u00e0 2009. Elles ont donn\u00e9 lieu \u00e0 deux ouvrages publi\u00e9s en f\u00e9vrier 2010: pour Austin,\u00a0<em>As Good As It Gets <\/em>et, pour Mapleton, <em>Against the Odds <\/em>avec\u00a0Gary Lichtenstein, Arthur  Evenchik, Martin Tombari et Kristen Pozzoboni.\u00a0Actuellement, il \u00e9tudie le cas d&rsquo;une high school o\u00f9 chaque enseignant et \u00e9l\u00e8ve dispose depuis quatre ans d&rsquo;un ordinateur portable.<\/p>\n<p>Et surtout depuis ao\u00fbt 2009, il r\u00e9dige des chroniques sur son blog h\u00e9berg\u00e9 sur wordpress.com:\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/larrycuban.wordpress.com\">Larry Cuban on School  Reform and Classroom  Practice\ufeff<\/a>. Une aubaine que de pouvoir suivre le fil de ses r\u00e9flexions en fonction de l&rsquo;actualit\u00e9, de ses exp\u00e9riences pass\u00e9es ou de ses travaux actuels.<\/p>\n<p>Son jugement sur les technologies \u00e0 l&rsquo;\u00e9cole reste tranch\u00e9:<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p><em>For decades, we have heard from policymakers that teachers using  computers in schools will improve student learning and doctors using  electronic health records will improve patient care and reduce costs.  Yet these champions of electronic technologies are wrong.\ufeff <\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>[\u2026]<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>In an alternate universe, these devices might transform behavior but in  the gritty world of schooling no metamorphosis in teaching and learning  has yet occurred.\ufeff<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><span style=\"font-style:normal;\"><strong>Source:<\/strong> <a href=\"http:\/\/larrycuban.wordpress.com\/2009\/08\/19\/high-tech-magical-thinking-for-doctors-and-teachers\/\">High-tech Magical Thinking for Doctors and\u00a0Teachers\ufeff<\/a> (19 ao\u00fbt 2009)<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>Ce constat g\u00e9n\u00e9ral ne veut pas dire que des changements ne s&rsquo;op\u00e8rent pas dans un certain nombre d&rsquo;\u00e9coles ou chez certains enseignants (<a href=\"http:\/\/larrycuban.wordpress.com\/2009\/09\/02\/the-good-and-the-bad-of-high-tech-in-classrooms\/\">The Good and The Bad of High-Tech in\u00a0Classrooms\ufeff<\/a>), mais qu&rsquo;on assiste pas \u00e0 la g\u00e9n\u00e9ralisation des pratiques attendues ou de l&#8217;emploi des ordinateurs. Ainsi, si les Etats-Unis sont pass\u00e9s du d\u00e9but des ann\u00e9es 1980 \u00e0 aujourd&rsquo;hui d&rsquo;un ordinateur pour 125 \u00e9l\u00e8ves \u00e0 moins de 4 \u00e9l\u00e8ves aujourd&rsquo;hui, voire dans certains districts scolaires \u00e0 un portable par \u00e9l\u00e8ves, les \u00e9tudes rel\u00e8vent que le pourcentage d&rsquo;enseignant-e-s recourant r\u00e9guli\u00e8rement aux ordinateurs dans leur enseignement en classe ne d\u00e9passe pas les 30%.<\/p>\n<p>Pour Larry Cuban, le probl\u00e8me des structures demeure pour expliquer de tels \u00e9carts:<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p><em>Contrary to what promoters claim, the problem is neither  limited nor  unimaginative use of new technologies by practitioners; the problem  remains anchored in the structures that shape the critical relationship  between professionals and those who they serve.\ufeff<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><span style=\"font-style:normal;\"><strong>Source:<\/strong> <a href=\"http:\/\/larrycuban.wordpress.com\/2009\/08\/19\/high-tech-magical-thinking-for-doctors-and-teachers\/\">High-tech Magical Thinking for Doctors and\u00a0Teachers\ufeff<\/a> (19 ao\u00fbt 2009)\ufeff<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>A cet \u00e9l\u00e9ment s&rsquo;ajoute les croyances des enseignant-e-s relatives \u00e0 l&rsquo;apprentissage qui ne peuvent \u00eatre modifi\u00e9es par la seule int\u00e9gration des ordinateurs en classe:<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p><em>Has teacher use of high-tech devices like desktop computers, laptops,  and interactive whiteboards altered how teachers usually teach? Thus  far, the answer is that teachers will use high-tech devices consistent  with their experience and beliefs about teacher- and student-centered  practices. Researchers following Apple Classrooms of Tomorrow (ACOT) and  subsequent work with teachers <\/em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.fno.org\/jun02\/teachingreview.html\" target=\"_self\"><em>found  that pattern in their studies<\/em><\/a><em> as have <\/em><a href=\"http:\/\/aer.sagepub.com\/cgi\/content\/abstract\/39\/1\/165\" target=\"_self\"><em>others<\/em><\/a><em>. <\/em><a href=\"http:\/\/llt.msu.edu\/vol7num3\/review4\/default.html\" target=\"_self\"><em>My  work <\/em><\/a><em>supports the conclusion that most teachers use computers in a  teacher-directed manner rather than in ways that cultivate  student-centred practices.\ufeff<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"http:\/\/larrycuban.wordpress.com\/2009\/09\/06\/the-high-tech-classroom-now-the-ugly-after-the-good-and-the-bad\/\">The High-Tech Classroom: Now the Ugly after The Good and The Bad<\/a> (6 septembre 2009)<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>Ses premi\u00e8res chroniques s&rsquo;appuient ainsi largement sur ses publications et travaux ant\u00e9rieurs. Elles permettent de situer le bonhomme. Je m&rsquo;arr\u00eaterai l\u00e0 pour ce premier billet consacr\u00e9 \u00e0 Larry Cuban et \u00e0 son blog.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Dans mon prochain billet, il sera question du regard port\u00e9 par Larry Cuban et d&rsquo;autres sur les exp\u00e9riences d&rsquo;un ordinateur portable pour un \u00e9l\u00e8ve ou un des derniers objets \u00e0 la mode scolaire: le TBI (Tableau blanc interactif).<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>D\u00e9sormais, je sais que Larry Cuban blogue \u00e0 propos des r\u00e9formes scolaires et des tice et je me r\u00e9jouis de l&rsquo;y retrouver apr\u00e8s avoir lu avec grand int\u00e9r\u00eat ses ouvrages sur l&rsquo;histoire de l&rsquo;enseignement, les conditions pour que les r\u00e9formes et les politiques scolaires se traduisent dans les faits et l&rsquo;utilisation des technologies \u00e0 l&rsquo;\u00e9cole [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":14680,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_import_markdown_pro_load_document_selector":0,"_import_markdown_pro_submit_text_textarea":"","_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"activitypub_content_warning":"","activitypub_content_visibility":"","activitypub_max_image_attachments":3,"activitypub_interaction_policy_quote":"anyone","activitypub_status":"","footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"fullscreen","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[2],"tags":[540,337,24,350,541,231],"class_list":{"0":"post-2828","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-histoire-2","8":"tag-enquete","9":"tag-larry-cuban","10":"tag-mediatic","11":"tag-mediatice","12":"tag-ordinateurs","13":"tag-reformes-scolaires","14":"entry"},"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"featured_image_src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/blogcafe1.jpg?resize=600%2C400&ssl=1","featured_image_src_square":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/blogcafe1.jpg?resize=600%2C600&ssl=1","author_info":{"display_name":"Lyonel Kaufmann","author_link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/author\/lyonelk\/"},"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/blogcafe1.jpg?fit=1024%2C683&ssl=1","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p1qtF4-JC","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":5864,"url":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/2012\/08\/10\/conservatisme-dynamique-et-stabilite-des-pratiques-enseignantes-larry-cuban\/","url_meta":{"origin":2828,"position":0},"title":"\u00abConservatisme dynamique\u00bb et stabilit\u00e9 des pratiques enseignantes | Larry Cuban","author":"Lyonel Kaufmann","date":"10 ao\u00fbt 2012","format":false,"excerpt":"Cet article fondamental de Larry Cuban traite de la grande stabilit\u00e9 des pratiques scolaires malgr\u00e9 les r\u00e9formes initi\u00e9es par les autorit\u00e9s pour les faire \u00e9voluer. L'\u00e9cole avant l'arriv\u00e9e des ordinateurs portables\u2026 Certes, les choses ont chang\u00e9 dans les classes. Les ordinateurs de bureau et \u00a0les ordinateurs portables se sont r\u00e9pandus\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;histoire&quot;","block_context":{"text":"histoire","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/category\/histoire-2\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":3721,"url":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/2011\/05\/01\/teacher-resistance-and-reform-failure-larry-cuban\/","url_meta":{"origin":2828,"position":1},"title":"Teacher Resistance and Reform Failure | Larry Cuban","author":"Lyonel Kaufmann","date":"1 mai 2011","format":false,"excerpt":"Dans son dernier billet, Larry Cuban s'inscrit en faux contre la r\u00e9sistance des enseignants au changement. Il pointe par contre des diff\u00e9rences d'attentes, d'approche et de mesure du changement suivant que l'on soit responsable politique (\u00e9ducatif) ou enseignant. Larry Cuban invite les responsables \u00e9ducatifs \u00e0 envisager leurs r\u00e9formes \u00e0 partir\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;histoire&quot;","block_context":{"text":"histoire","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/category\/histoire-2\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/blogcafe1.jpg?fit=1024%2C683&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/blogcafe1.jpg?fit=1024%2C683&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/blogcafe1.jpg?fit=1024%2C683&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/blogcafe1.jpg?fit=1024%2C683&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":7199,"url":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/2013\/07\/03\/i-used-to-think-and-now-i-think-part-2-larry-cuban-on-school-reform-and-classroom-practice\/","url_meta":{"origin":2828,"position":2},"title":"I Used To Think \u2026 And Now I Think Part 2 | Larry Cuban on School Reform and Classroom Practice","author":"Lyonel Kaufmann","date":"3 juillet 2013","format":false,"excerpt":"Une prise de position tr\u00e8s claire de Larry Cuban, que je partage, sur l'influence primordiale de l'enseignant sur le succ\u00e8s des \u00e9l\u00e8ves et de l'\u00e9cole : \u00abI used to think that the teacher was critical to student and school success. And now, I continue to think the same way. I\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;histoire&quot;","block_context":{"text":"histoire","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/category\/histoire-2\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/blogcafe1.jpg?fit=1024%2C683&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/blogcafe1.jpg?fit=1024%2C683&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/blogcafe1.jpg?fit=1024%2C683&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/blogcafe1.jpg?fit=1024%2C683&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":12325,"url":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/2005\/03\/22\/les-tic-ont-encore-tout-prouver-pdagogiquement-2\/","url_meta":{"origin":2828,"position":3},"title":"\u201cLes TIC ont encore tout \u00e0 prouver p\u00e9dagogiquement\u201d","author":"Lyonel Kaufmann","date":"22 mars 2005","format":false,"excerpt":"10\u00e8mes rencontres de l'Orme: les TIC ont encore tout \u00e0 prouver p\u00e9dagogiquement, selon Larry Cuban, professeur \u00e0 Stanford 19-03-2005 \u00abMalgr\u00e9 un d\u00e9veloppement consid\u00e9rable de l'acc\u00e8s aux technologies de l'information et de la communication dans les \u00e9coles des \u00c9tats-Unis, \"les \u00e9l\u00e8ves et les enseignants n'utilisent pas ces technologies quotidiennement, au mieux\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;histoire&quot;","block_context":{"text":"histoire","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/category\/histoire-2\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/blogcafe1.jpg?fit=1024%2C683&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/blogcafe1.jpg?fit=1024%2C683&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/blogcafe1.jpg?fit=1024%2C683&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/blogcafe1.jpg?fit=1024%2C683&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":5947,"url":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/2012\/08\/16\/revue-de-presse-faqs-for-a-skeptic-on-technology-larry-cuban\/","url_meta":{"origin":2828,"position":4},"title":"Revue de presse : FAQs for a Skeptic on Technology | Larry Cuban","author":"Lyonel Kaufmann","date":"16 ao\u00fbt 2012","format":false,"excerpt":"Dans son dernier billet, Larry Cuban r\u00e9pond aux principales questions qu'on lui pose sur ses raisons d'\u00eatre un sceptique relativement \u00e0 l'emploi des technologies dans l'enseignement. Cet article est aussi un bon moyen pour prendre connaissance de ses principaux travaux en la mati\u00e8re depuis les ann\u00e9es 1980. D'autant que l'article\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;histoire&quot;","block_context":{"text":"histoire","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/category\/histoire-2\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/blogcafe1.jpg?fit=1024%2C683&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/blogcafe1.jpg?fit=1024%2C683&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/blogcafe1.jpg?fit=1024%2C683&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/blogcafe1.jpg?fit=1024%2C683&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":1426,"url":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/2009\/07\/26\/landes-les-ordinateurs-en-classe-toujours-surestimes-et-sous-utilises\/","url_meta":{"origin":2828,"position":5},"title":"Landes: les ordinateurs en classe? Toujours surestim\u00e9s et sous-utilis\u00e9s","author":"Lyonel Kaufmann","date":"26 juillet 2009","format":false,"excerpt":"En 2001, Larry Cuban publiait un ouvrage intitul\u00e9 Oversold and Underused: Computers in the Classroom (Surestim\u00e9s\/surpay\u00e9s et sous-utilis\u00e9s: l'ordinateur en classe). Cuban y analysait les usages \u00e9ducatifs de l'informatique dans les \u00e9tablissements de la Silicon Valley, haut lieu des nouvelles technologies. Dans son enqu\u00eate, bas\u00e9e notamment sur des observations concr\u00e8tes\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;histoire&quot;","block_context":{"text":"histoire","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/category\/histoire-2\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/blogcafe1.jpg?fit=1024%2C683&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/blogcafe1.jpg?fit=1024%2C683&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/blogcafe1.jpg?fit=1024%2C683&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/blogcafe1.jpg?fit=1024%2C683&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]}],"jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2828","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2828"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2828\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/14680"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2828"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2828"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2828"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}