{"id":3283,"date":"2010-11-04T09:51:19","date_gmt":"2010-11-04T08:51:19","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/?p=3283"},"modified":"2010-11-04T09:51:19","modified_gmt":"2010-11-04T08:51:19","slug":"marianne-a-cache-cache-ou-les-pieges-de-la-memoire-collective","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/2010\/11\/04\/marianne-a-cache-cache-ou-les-pieges-de-la-memoire-collective\/","title":{"rendered":"Marianne \u00e0 cache-cache, ou les pi\u00e8ges de la m\u00e9moire collective"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>A la suite de la publication par le journal Le Monde d\u2019un \u201c<a href=\"http:\/\/photographie.blog.lemonde.fr\/2010\/10\/25\/marianne-poing-leve-figure-de-la-contestation\/\">portfolio sonore<\/a>\u201d consacr\u00e9 \u00e0 l\u2019iconographie des manifestations et de l&rsquo;analyse r\u00e9alis\u00e9e par Rapha\u00eblle Bertho relativement aux m\u00e9canismes de narration visuelle, Andr\u00e9 Gunthert prolonge et r\u00e9bondit pour nous entretenir brillamment de la notion assez g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement admise de \u201cm\u00e9moire collective\u201d \u00e0 propos des ic\u00f4nes. Son article doit aussi nous interroger sur la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 d&rsquo;une \u00e9ducation \u00e0 l&rsquo;image.<\/strong><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_3296\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-3296\" style=\"width: 540px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/11\/Mariannes1.jpg\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-3296\" title=\"Mariannes\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/11\/Mariannes1.jpg?resize=540%2C156\" alt=\"\" width=\"540\" height=\"156\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-3296\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">(1) Delacroix, la Libert\u00e9 guidant le peuple, 1831. (2) Jean-Pierre Rey, Paris, 13 mai 1968. (3) Fran\u00e7ois Mori\/AP, Paris, 14 octobre 2010. via Culture Visuelle<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Au final, pour Andr\u00e9 Gunthert,<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>Plut\u00f4t que de parler de \u201cm\u00e9moire collective\u201d ou d\u2019\u201dintericonicit\u00e9\u201d, il serait plus exact de dire que le couplage d\u2019une photographie avec un r\u00e9f\u00e9rent pictural rel\u00e8ve d\u2019un <em>effet de citation<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Un effet qu&rsquo;Andr\u00e9 Gunthert qualifie de jeu lettr\u00e9 qui exclut le grand public, aux comp\u00e9tences iconographiques restreintes, \u00e0 moins qu&rsquo;on ne lui r\u00e9v\u00e8le le pot aux roses. En effet, interroge Andr\u00e9 Gunthert,<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>Pourquoi la \u201cm\u00e9moire collective\u201d est-elle si \u00e9litiste alors qu\u2019elle devrait s\u2019alimenter de la culture populaire? Pourquoi les effets d\u2019intericonicit\u00e9 ne s\u2019appuient jamais que sur des chefs d\u2019\u0153uvre, plut\u00f4t que sur des publicit\u00e9s ou des dessins anim\u00e9s? Apr\u00e8s tout, mes enfants sont plus familiers des Simpson\u2019s que des tableaux du Louvre. Pourquoi? sinon parce que les professionnels form\u00e9s dans les \u00e9coles des beaux-arts sont persuad\u00e9s que la r\u00e9f\u00e9rence picturale est seule susceptible d\u2019anoblir les images du quotidien.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Je peux aussi lire ce questionnement final comme un plaidoyer pour fournir une solide \u00e9ducation \u00e0 l&rsquo;image \u00e0 nos enfants et j&rsquo;y convoque volontiers l&rsquo;enseignant d&rsquo;histoire pour y prendre sa part.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/culturevisuelle.org\/icones\/1210\">Lire l&rsquo;analyse d&rsquo;Andr\u00e9 Gunthert &gt;&gt;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A la suite de la publication par le journal Le Monde d\u2019un \u201cportfolio sonore\u201d consacr\u00e9 \u00e0 l\u2019iconographie des manifestations et de l&rsquo;analyse r\u00e9alis\u00e9e par Rapha\u00eblle Bertho relativement aux m\u00e9canismes de narration visuelle, Andr\u00e9 Gunthert prolonge et r\u00e9bondit pour nous entretenir brillamment de la notion assez g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement admise de \u201cm\u00e9moire collective\u201d \u00e0 propos des ic\u00f4nes. Son [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":13759,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_import_markdown_pro_load_document_selector":0,"_import_markdown_pro_submit_text_textarea":"","_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"activitypub_content_warning":"","activitypub_content_visibility":"","activitypub_max_image_attachments":3,"activitypub_interaction_policy_quote":"anyone","activitypub_status":"","footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"fullscreen","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[2],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-3283","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-histoire-2","8":"entry"},"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"featured_image_src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/Mariannes1.jpg?resize=540%2C156&ssl=1","featured_image_src_square":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/Mariannes1.jpg?resize=540%2C156&ssl=1","author_info":{"display_name":"Lyonel Kaufmann","author_link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/author\/lyonelk\/"},"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/Mariannes1.jpg?fit=540%2C156&ssl=1","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p1qtF4-QX","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":633,"url":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/2007\/06\/07\/lausanne-sur-toscane\/","url_meta":{"origin":3283,"position":0},"title":"Lausanne sur Toscane","author":"Lyonel Kaufmann","date":"7 juin 2007","format":"aside","excerpt":".flickr-photo { border: solid 2px #000000; } .flickr-yourcomment { } .flickr-frame { text-align: left; padding: 3px; } .flickr-caption { font-size: 0.8em; margin-top: 0px; } \u00a0 Lausanne7.jpg, Photo h\u00e9berg\u00e9e par lyonelkaufmann. Variation photographique et architecturale avec Lausanne comme sujet. En choisissant ce cadrage, j'y trouve un petit air de Toscane dans\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Blogcaf\u00e9&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Blogcaf\u00e9","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/category\/blogcafe-2\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/533837765_74137f546d.jpg?fit=318%2C500&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":14791,"url":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/2015\/04\/06\/a-papillons2015-quebec\/","url_meta":{"origin":3283,"position":1},"title":"A #Papillons2015 |\u00a0Qu\u00e9bec 2015","author":"Lyonel Kaufmann","date":"6 avril 2015","format":false,"excerpt":"Superbe visite ce dimanche \u00e0 Montr\u00e9al au Jardin botanique avec l'exposition Papillons en libert\u00e9 | Couleurs papillons. Cette exposition a lieu du 19 f\u00e9vrier au 26 avril 2015. D\u00e8s le premier pas dans la grande serre, on assiste \u00e0 un v\u00e9ritable ballet de couleurs chatoyantes et lumineuses. On y circule\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Blogcaf\u00e9&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Blogcaf\u00e9","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/category\/blogcafe-2\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/Papillons2015-X2.jpg?fit=1200%2C798&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/Papillons2015-X2.jpg?fit=1200%2C798&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/Papillons2015-X2.jpg?fit=1200%2C798&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/Papillons2015-X2.jpg?fit=1200%2C798&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/Papillons2015-X2.jpg?fit=1200%2C798&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":3838,"url":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/2011\/06\/25\/andre-gunthert-internet-est-une-revolution-de-la-consultation-plus-que-de-la-production-internetactu-net\/","url_meta":{"origin":3283,"position":2},"title":"Andr\u00e9 Gunthert : \u201cInternet est une r\u00e9volution de la consultation plus que de la production\u201d | InternetActu.net","author":"Lyonel Kaufmann","date":"25 juin 2011","format":false,"excerpt":"Ce tr\u00e8s int\u00e9ressant interview d'Andr\u00e9 Gunthert pour InternetActu sur la culture num\u00e9rique, l'histoire et les jeunes a de quoi nous stimuler juste avant les grandes vacances. Il ne manque pas de nous interroger sur le r\u00f4le et la place que l'enseignement de l'histoire pourrait jouer dans la formation des jeunes\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;histoire&quot;","block_context":{"text":"histoire","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/category\/histoire-2\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/blogcafe1.jpg?fit=1024%2C683&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/blogcafe1.jpg?fit=1024%2C683&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/blogcafe1.jpg?fit=1024%2C683&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/blogcafe1.jpg?fit=1024%2C683&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":2909,"url":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/2010\/07\/13\/film-histoire-14-18-au-cinema\/","url_meta":{"origin":3283,"position":3},"title":"Film &amp; Histoire : 14-18 au cin\u00e9ma","author":"Lyonel Kaufmann","date":"13 juillet 2010","format":false,"excerpt":"La pause estivale est l'occasion de rattraper ses retards en lecture de toutes sortes. Je vous proposerai donc quelques ouvrages ou lecture en ligne en lien avec le cin\u00e9ma et l'histoire. Pour le reste, le site tournera tr\u00e8s certainement au ralenti. Bon \u00e9t\u00e9! En 2008, Laurent V\u00e9ray, ma\u00eetre de conf\u00e9rences\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;histoire&quot;","block_context":{"text":"histoire","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/category\/histoire-2\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/jpg_grandeguerreaucine.jpg?fit=362%2C430&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":1495,"url":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/2009\/08\/20\/50000-photos-de-classes-zurichoises-en-ligne\/","url_meta":{"origin":3283,"position":4},"title":"50&rsquo;000 photos de classes zurichoises en ligne","author":"Lyonel Kaufmann","date":"20 ao\u00fbt 2009","format":false,"excerpt":"Les archives du canton de Zurich ont num\u00e9ris\u00e9 professionnellement pr\u00e8s de 50'000 photos de classe du canton de Zurich couvrant les ann\u00e9es 1927 \u00e0 1995. Elles ont \u00e9t\u00e9 mises en ligne \u00e0 l'adresse suivante Klassenphotoarchiv. Il est ensuite possible de faire une recherche par code postal, lieu, nom d'\u00e9cole, ann\u00e9e\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;histoire&quot;","block_context":{"text":"histoire","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/category\/histoire-2\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Ecole: Sekundar B\u00fchl A. Ann\u00e9e: 1940 (14 mars). Enseignante: Mme Elsa Muschg","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.klassenfotoarchiv.ch\/previews\/LMP_Cumu_01\/10_lehrmittel_photos_db\/10_bilder\/012401-012500\/012481.jpg\/40_no_no_yes_750_96.JPEG?resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":3584,"url":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/2011\/02\/25\/les-vestiges-oublies-de-lempire-sovietique\/","url_meta":{"origin":3283,"position":5},"title":"Les vestiges oubli\u00e9s de l&rsquo;Empire sovi\u00e9tique","author":"Lyonel Kaufmann","date":"25 f\u00e9vrier 2011","format":false,"excerpt":"Eric Lusito a voyag\u00e9 d\u2019Allemagne de l'Est \u00e0 la Mongolie et de la Pologne au Kazakhstan \u00e0 la recherche de ces sites qui repr\u00e9sentaient l'ambition et la puissance de l\u2019URSS. Il en a ramen\u00e9 de superbes images.. Entre histoire et m\u00e9moire, espace et patrimoine, mythes et propagande, cette collection d\u2019images\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;histoire&quot;","block_context":{"text":"histoire","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/category\/histoire-2\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/75E77FD0-1AF8-4BE2-91A3-77DEB3A120B67.jpg?fit=800%2C640&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/75E77FD0-1AF8-4BE2-91A3-77DEB3A120B67.jpg?fit=800%2C640&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/75E77FD0-1AF8-4BE2-91A3-77DEB3A120B67.jpg?fit=800%2C640&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/75E77FD0-1AF8-4BE2-91A3-77DEB3A120B67.jpg?fit=800%2C640&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]}],"jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3283","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3283"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3283\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/13759"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3283"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3283"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3283"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}