{"id":7914,"date":"2014-02-08T23:43:21","date_gmt":"2014-02-08T22:43:21","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/?p=7845"},"modified":"2014-02-08T23:43:21","modified_gmt":"2014-02-08T22:43:21","slug":"le-premier-genocide-contemporain-a-t-il-eu-lieu-a-sotchi-avec-le-massacre-des-circassiens-le-21-mai-1864-slate-fr","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/2014\/02\/08\/le-premier-genocide-contemporain-a-t-il-eu-lieu-a-sotchi-avec-le-massacre-des-circassiens-le-21-mai-1864-slate-fr\/","title":{"rendered":"Le premier g\u00e9nocide contemporain a-t-il eu lieu \u00e0 Sotchi, avec le massacre des Circassiens le 21 mai 1864? | Slate.fr"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>A l&rsquo;occasion des Jeux de Sotchi vous entendrez peut-\u00eatre parler de la cause circassienne. Il ne s&rsquo;agira pas de revendications de gens du cirque. Les Circassiens, ou encore Tcherkesses (selon l&rsquo;\u00e9tymologie arabe), sont des guerriers montagnards dont le premier royaume fut \u00e9tabli au IVe si\u00e8cle avant JC dans une r\u00e9gion de 100.000 km\u00b2, aujourd\u2019hui \u00e9clat\u00e9e entre les Etats russe et g\u00e9orgien. Et, \u00e0 la veille des JO, la diaspora circassienne compte bien faire entendre son combat pour la reconnaissance du massacre de son peuple, perp\u00e9tr\u00e9 il y a cent cinquante ans \u00e0 l\u2019endroit m\u00eame o\u00f9 se d\u00e9rouleront les Jeux d\u2019hiver en Russie.<\/p>\n<figure style=\"width: 800px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Pyotr_Nikolayevich_Gruzinsky_-_The_mountaineers_leave_the_aul.jpg?uselang=fr\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/02\/800px-Pyotr_Nikolayevich_Gruzinsky_-_The_mountaineers_leave_the_aul.jpg?resize=800%2C591\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"591\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Les Montagnards quittant l&rsquo;aoul, Pyotr Nikolayevich Gruzinsky (1872) via Wikimedia Commons<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Apr\u00e8s un si\u00e8cle de r\u00e9sistance \u00e0 l\u2019imp\u00e9rialisme tsariste, au prix de la vie de 800.000 des leurs, les douze tribus circassiennes sont en partie extermin\u00e9es \u00e0 Sotchi, par Alexandre II, le 21 mai 1864. Un million d\u2019entre eux sont alors pouss\u00e9s \u00e0 l\u2019exode vers l\u2019Empire ottoman, parmi lesquels 200.000 vont mourir de faim, de maladie ou de fatigue.<\/p>\n<p>La suite :\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.slate.fr\/sports\/82559\/tcherkesses-circassiens-sotchi\">Le premier g\u00e9nocide contemporain a-t-il eu lieu \u00e0 Sotchi, avec le massacre des Circassiens le 21 mai 1864? | Slate.fr<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A l&rsquo;occasion des Jeux de Sotchi vous entendrez peut-\u00eatre parler de la cause circassienne. Il ne s&rsquo;agira pas de revendications de gens du cirque. Les Circassiens, ou encore Tcherkesses (selon l&rsquo;\u00e9tymologie arabe), sont des guerriers montagnards dont le premier royaume fut \u00e9tabli au IVe si\u00e8cle avant JC dans une r\u00e9gion de 100.000 km\u00b2, aujourd\u2019hui \u00e9clat\u00e9e [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":7850,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_import_markdown_pro_load_document_selector":0,"_import_markdown_pro_submit_text_textarea":"","_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"activitypub_content_warning":"","activitypub_content_visibility":"","activitypub_max_image_attachments":3,"activitypub_interaction_policy_quote":"anyone","activitypub_status":"","footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"fullscreen","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[2],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-7914","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-histoire-2","8":"entry"},"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"featured_image_src":null,"featured_image_src_square":null,"author_info":{"display_name":"Lyonel Kaufmann","author_link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/author\/lyonelk\/"},"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p1qtF4-23E","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":14791,"url":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/2015\/04\/06\/a-papillons2015-quebec\/","url_meta":{"origin":7914,"position":0},"title":"A #Papillons2015 |\u00a0Qu\u00e9bec 2015","author":"Lyonel Kaufmann","date":"6 avril 2015","format":false,"excerpt":"Superbe visite ce dimanche \u00e0 Montr\u00e9al au Jardin botanique avec l'exposition Papillons en libert\u00e9 | Couleurs papillons. Cette exposition a lieu du 19 f\u00e9vrier au 26 avril 2015. D\u00e8s le premier pas dans la grande serre, on assiste \u00e0 un v\u00e9ritable ballet de couleurs chatoyantes et lumineuses. On y circule\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Blogcaf\u00e9&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Blogcaf\u00e9","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/category\/blogcafe-2\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/Papillons2015-X2.jpg?fit=1200%2C798&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/Papillons2015-X2.jpg?fit=1200%2C798&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/Papillons2015-X2.jpg?fit=1200%2C798&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/Papillons2015-X2.jpg?fit=1200%2C798&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/Papillons2015-X2.jpg?fit=1200%2C798&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":633,"url":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/2007\/06\/07\/lausanne-sur-toscane\/","url_meta":{"origin":7914,"position":1},"title":"Lausanne sur Toscane","author":"Lyonel Kaufmann","date":"7 juin 2007","format":"aside","excerpt":".flickr-photo { border: solid 2px #000000; } .flickr-yourcomment { } .flickr-frame { text-align: left; padding: 3px; } .flickr-caption { font-size: 0.8em; margin-top: 0px; } \u00a0 Lausanne7.jpg, Photo h\u00e9berg\u00e9e par lyonelkaufmann. Variation photographique et architecturale avec Lausanne comme sujet. En choisissant ce cadrage, j'y trouve un petit air de Toscane dans\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Blogcaf\u00e9&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Blogcaf\u00e9","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/category\/blogcafe-2\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/533837765_74137f546d.jpg?fit=318%2C500&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":1495,"url":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/2009\/08\/20\/50000-photos-de-classes-zurichoises-en-ligne\/","url_meta":{"origin":7914,"position":2},"title":"50&rsquo;000 photos de classes zurichoises en ligne","author":"Lyonel Kaufmann","date":"20 ao\u00fbt 2009","format":false,"excerpt":"Les archives du canton de Zurich ont num\u00e9ris\u00e9 professionnellement pr\u00e8s de 50'000 photos de classe du canton de Zurich couvrant les ann\u00e9es 1927 \u00e0 1995. Elles ont \u00e9t\u00e9 mises en ligne \u00e0 l'adresse suivante Klassenphotoarchiv. Il est ensuite possible de faire une recherche par code postal, lieu, nom d'\u00e9cole, ann\u00e9e\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;histoire&quot;","block_context":{"text":"histoire","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/category\/histoire-2\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Ecole: Sekundar B\u00fchl A. Ann\u00e9e: 1940 (14 mars). Enseignante: Mme Elsa Muschg","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.klassenfotoarchiv.ch\/previews\/LMP_Cumu_01\/10_lehrmittel_photos_db\/10_bilder\/012401-012500\/012481.jpg\/40_no_no_yes_750_96.JPEG?resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":1519,"url":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/2009\/09\/05\/tostoi-et-lhistoire-geo-lycees-de-banlieues\/","url_meta":{"origin":7914,"position":3},"title":"Tosto\u00ef et l&rsquo;histoire-g\u00e9o | lyc\u00e9es de banlieues","author":"Lyonel Kaufmann","date":"5 septembre 2009","format":false,"excerpt":"J\u2019ai maintes fois entendu dire que pour l\u2019enseignement de l\u2019histoire, il ne faut pas la commencer par le commencement mais par la fin, c\u2019est-\u00e0-dire non par l\u2019histoire ancienne, mais par l\u2019histoire contemporaine. Au fait, cette id\u00e9e est tout \u00e0 fait juste. Comment expliquer \u00e0 un enfant les origines de l\u2019Etat\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;histoire&quot;","block_context":{"text":"histoire","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/category\/histoire-2\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/blogcafe1.jpg?fit=1024%2C683&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/blogcafe1.jpg?fit=1024%2C683&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/blogcafe1.jpg?fit=1024%2C683&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/blogcafe1.jpg?fit=1024%2C683&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":19723,"url":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/2018\/11\/25\/battlefield-v-review-war-never-changes-the-verge\/","url_meta":{"origin":7914,"position":4},"title":"Battlefield V review: war never changes &#8211; The Verge","author":"Lyonel Kaufmann","date":"25 novembre 2018","format":false,"excerpt":"Selon le compte-rendu et l'avis d'un joueur exp\u00e9riment\u00e9 \u00e0 propos du dernier volet de la s\u00e9rie, Battlefield V montre que la s\u00e9rie a besoin d'une nouvelle direction. La chronique montre les limites des jeux vid\u00e9os de guerre et envisage des ouvertures vers une exp\u00e9rience plus proche de l'exp\u00e9rience combattante. Et\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Blogcaf\u00e9&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Blogcaf\u00e9","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/category\/blogcafe-2\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":8409,"url":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/2014\/09\/28\/orlando-figes-les-chuchoteurs-vivre-et-survivre-sous-staline-histoirepolitique\/","url_meta":{"origin":7914,"position":5},"title":"Orlando Figes, Les Chuchoteurs. Vivre et survivre sous Staline | Histoire@Politique","author":"Lyonel Kaufmann","date":"28 septembre 2014","format":false,"excerpt":"Apr\u00e8s des travaux sur l\u2019\u00e9poque r\u00e9volutionnaire et la guerre civile \u2013\u00a0dont une histoire de la R\u00e9volution russe traduite en fran\u00e7ais\u00a0\u2013, Orlando Figes s\u2019est int\u00e9ress\u00e9 \u00e0 l\u2019histoire du stalinisme. Son ouvrage, Les Chuchoteurs, paru en anglais en\u00a02007, destin\u00e9 au grand public, invite le lecteur \u00e0 r\u00e9fl\u00e9chir \u00e0 l\u2019\u00ab\u00a0influence sur la vie\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;histoire&quot;","block_context":{"text":"histoire","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/category\/histoire-2\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]}],"jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7914","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7914"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7914\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-json\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7914"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7914"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/Blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7914"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}