{"id":11290,"date":"2016-04-05T10:36:05","date_gmt":"2016-04-05T09:36:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/?p=11290"},"modified":"2016-04-05T10:36:05","modified_gmt":"2016-04-05T09:36:05","slug":"paysages-du-front-dorient-le-mont-liban-les-stigmates-de-la-famine-de-1915-1918-archeorient","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/2016\/04\/05\/paysages-du-front-dorient-le-mont-liban-les-stigmates-de-la-famine-de-1915-1918-archeorient\/","title":{"rendered":"Paysages du front d\u2019Orient. Le Mont-Liban. Les stigmates de la famine de 1915-1918 | Arch\u00e9Orient"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>En France comme en Allemagne, c&rsquo;est le front de l&rsquo;Ouest qui occupe (tous) les esprits \u00e0 propos de la Premi\u00e8re Guerre mondiale. Pourtant, elle ne saurait se limiter aux tranch\u00e9es de Verdun ou \u00e0 l&rsquo;offensive de la Somme ou des Flandres. Merci donc \u00e0 Arch\u00e9Orient de nous proposer ce tr\u00e8s int\u00e9ressant article concernant la Premi\u00e8re Guerre sur le front d&rsquo;Orient et plus particuli\u00e8rement au Liban.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/archeorient.hypotheses.org\/5791\">Paysages du front d\u2019Orient. Le Mont-Liban. Les stigmates de la famine de 1915-1918. \u2013 Arch\u00e9Orient \u2013 Le Blog<\/a><\/p>\n<blockquote><p>La comm\u00e9moration du premier conflit mondial s\u2019accompagne d\u2019un travail sur les t\u00e9moignages de l\u2019\u00e9poque, parmi lesquels la photographie, les correspondances et les \u00e9crits priv\u00e9s tiennent une place \u00e9minente. \u00c0 un si\u00e8cle de distance, les chercheurs s\u2019attachent, peut-\u00eatre plus que jadis, \u00e0 la vie quotidienne, celle du front ou de l\u2019arri\u00e8re, \u00e0 l\u2019ordinaire du soldat ou des populations civiles, ou encore aux paysages que ces documents permettent d\u2019\u00e9voquer. Au Levant, le conflit laissa d\u2019autres marques que les d\u00e9coupages territoriaux des ann\u00e9es 1920, bien qu\u2019il n\u2019y eut pour ainsi dire aucun affrontement direct entre les puissances de l\u2019Entente et l\u2019Empire Ottoman. De fait, ce que l\u2019on appelle commun\u00e9ment le front d\u2019Orient est rest\u00e9 strictement europ\u00e9en du point de vue g\u00e9ographique\u00a0: d\u2019abord les combats des Dardanelles (1915) qui en \u00e9pargn\u00e8rent la rive asiatique, puis le front de Thessalonique, dans le Nord de la Gr\u00e8ce (1916-1918). Au Mont-Liban o\u00f9, contrairement aux r\u00e9gions syriennes voisines, le r\u00e9gime de la moutassarifiya (terme utilis\u00e9 pour d\u00e9signer le territoire du Mont-Liban, qui b\u00e9n\u00e9ficia d\u2019une certaine autonomie politique et \u00e9conomique \u00e0 partir de 1861) exemptait les habitants du service militaire, la mobilisation de troupes ne prit effet qu\u2019\u00e0 l\u2019automne 1916 lorsque le gouvernement Jeune Turc abolit ce statut sp\u00e9cial (Fig. 1). Logiquement, tout pr\u00e9disposait la Montagne \u00e0 \u00eatre relativement \u00e9pargn\u00e9e par les malheurs de la guerre. Pourtant, le conflit engendra une famine qui, s\u2019installant peu \u00e0 peu \u00e0 partir de l\u2019ann\u00e9e 1915, se mua en une v\u00e9ritable h\u00e9catombe humaine au cours des trois ann\u00e9es suivantes et eut des cons\u00e9quences durables sur les paysages libanais.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" style=\"vertical-align: middle; display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/f.hypotheses.org\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/814\/files\/2016\/03\/Figure-1-768x958.jpg?resize=768%2C958&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"768\" height=\"958\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Lire la suite de l&rsquo;article :\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/archeorient.hypotheses.org\/5791\">Paysages du front d\u2019Orient. Le Mont-Liban. Les stigmates de la famine de 1915-1918. \u2013 Arch\u00e9Orient \u2013 Le Blog<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>En France comme en Allemagne, c&rsquo;est le front de l&rsquo;Ouest qui occupe (tous) les esprits \u00e0 propos de la Premi\u00e8re Guerre mondiale. Pourtant, elle ne saurait se limiter aux tranch\u00e9es de Verdun ou \u00e0 l&rsquo;offensive de la Somme ou des Flandres. Merci donc \u00e0 Arch\u00e9Orient de nous proposer ce tr\u00e8s int\u00e9ressant article concernant la Premi\u00e8re [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":11291,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_import_markdown_pro_load_document_selector":0,"_import_markdown_pro_submit_text_textarea":"","_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-11290","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-histoire-savante","8":"entry"},"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"featured_image_src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/Figure-1-768x958.jpg?resize=600%2C400&ssl=1","featured_image_src_square":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/Figure-1-768x958.jpg?resize=600%2C600&ssl=1","author_info":{"display_name":"Lyonel Kaufmann","author_link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/author\/lyonelk\/"},"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/Figure-1-768x958.jpg?fit=768%2C958&ssl=1","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p1rJVM-2W6","jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":12168,"url":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/2016\/10\/19\/lorient-dans-la-guerre-1914-1918\/","url_meta":{"origin":11290,"position":0},"title":"L\u2019ORIENT DANS LA GUERRE (1914-1918)","author":"Lyonel Kaufmann","date":"19 octobre 2016","format":false,"excerpt":"Le site Orient XXI a choisi de revenir sur les diff\u00e9rentes facettes de la premi\u00e8re guerre mondiale, de Marrakech \u00e0 Erevan, d\u2019Istanbul \u00e0 Khartoum, de Tripoli \u00e0 La Mecque. Des historiens issus de zones g\u00e9ographiques diff\u00e9rentes et d\u2019horizons historiographiques multiples en relatent les \u00e9v\u00e9nements diplomatiques, politiques, militaires, \u00e9conomiques, et soci\u00e9taux.\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Histoire savante&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Histoire savante","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/category\/didactique\/histoire-savante\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/10\/Image-19.10.16-22-17.jpeg?fit=1120%2C742&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/10\/Image-19.10.16-22-17.jpeg?fit=1120%2C742&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/10\/Image-19.10.16-22-17.jpeg?fit=1120%2C742&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/10\/Image-19.10.16-22-17.jpeg?fit=1120%2C742&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/10\/Image-19.10.16-22-17.jpeg?fit=1120%2C742&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":13300,"url":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/2017\/09\/08\/un-mooc-sur-verdun-1917-1918-batailles-oubliees-francais-allemands-et-americains-dans-la-tourmente\/","url_meta":{"origin":11290,"position":1},"title":"Un Mooc sur \u00ab Verdun 1917-1918 : batailles oubli\u00e9es ? Fran\u00e7ais, Allemands et Am\u00e9ricains dans la tourmente \u00bb","author":"Lyonel Kaufmann","date":"8 septembre 2017","format":false,"excerpt":"Ce cours en ligne se propose d\u2019\u00e9tudier les deux derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es de la Premi\u00e8re Guerre mondiale et ses r\u00e9percussions dans la r\u00e9gion de Verdun. FUN-MOOC : Verdun 1917-1918 : batailles... par fr-universite-numerique La bataille de Verdun se termine-t-elle r\u00e9ellement \u00e0 la fin de l\u2019ann\u00e9e 1916 ? Le front de Lorraine\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Didactique&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Didactique","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/category\/didactique\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Image-07.09.17-12-46.jpeg?fit=785%2C700&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Image-07.09.17-12-46.jpeg?fit=785%2C700&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Image-07.09.17-12-46.jpeg?fit=785%2C700&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Image-07.09.17-12-46.jpeg?fit=785%2C700&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":10536,"url":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/2015\/10\/11\/la-suisse-et-la-guerre-de-1914-1918-honore-champion\/","url_meta":{"origin":11290,"position":2},"title":"Livre : La Suisse et la Guerre de 1914-1918","author":"Lyonel Kaufmann","date":"11 octobre 2015","format":false,"excerpt":"ACTES DU COLLOQUE TENU DU 10 AU 12 SEPTEMBRE 2014 AU CH\u00c2TEAU DE PENTHES. SOUS LA DIRECTION DE CHRISTOPHE VUILLEUMIER Pr\u00e9sentation de l'\u00e9diteur : Le centenaire du d\u00e9clenchement de la Premi\u00e8re Guerre mondiale a \u00e9t\u00e9 l\u2019occasion pour la Suisse de revenir sur cette p\u00e9riode qui, durant des d\u00e9cennies, n\u2019a gu\u00e8re\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Histoire savante&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Histoire savante","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/category\/didactique\/histoire-savante\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.infoclio.ch\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/image_half_width\/public\/images_content\/book-07102745.jpg?resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":11368,"url":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/2016\/04\/15\/revue-de-presse-voyages-au-front-la-france-en-guerre-1914-1915-edith-wharton-la-grande-guerre-en-dessins\/","url_meta":{"origin":11290,"position":3},"title":"Revue de presse : Voyages au front (La France en guerre 1914-1915), Edith Wharton | LA GRANDE GUERRE EN DESSINS","author":"Lyonel Kaufmann","date":"15 avril 2016","format":false,"excerpt":"Le 1er ao\u00fbt 1914, Edith Wharton, install\u00e9e en France depuis 1907, est \u00e0 Paris. \u00ab L\u2019air est lourd de rumeurs \u00bb, les nouvelles de la veille sont mauvaises. Elle d\u00e9crit cette matin\u00e9e avec \u00ab partout l\u2019atmosph\u00e8re [qui] s\u2019alourdit d\u2019une appr\u00e9hension grandissante \u00bb. 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Elle para\u00eet pour la premi\u00e8re fois en novembre 1914 et dispara\u00eet avec la fin de la guerre. Cette revue contient de nombreuses et bonnes photographies dont un grand nombre\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Histoire active&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Histoire active","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/category\/didactique\/histoire-active\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/12\/image-de-la-guerre-1915.jpg?fit=400%2C577&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11290","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11290"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11290\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/11291"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11290"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11290"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11290"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}