{"id":11346,"date":"2016-04-11T22:12:21","date_gmt":"2016-04-11T21:12:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/?p=11346"},"modified":"2016-04-11T22:14:58","modified_gmt":"2016-04-11T21:14:58","slug":"nicolas-werth-et-la-revolution-russe","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/2016\/04\/11\/nicolas-werth-et-la-revolution-russe\/","title":{"rendered":"Nicolas Werth et la r\u00e9volution russe"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>En 1997, Nicolas Werth a publi\u00e9 dans la collection \u00abD\u00e9couvertes Gallimard\u00bb <em>La Russie en r\u00e9volution<\/em>. L\u2019id\u00e9e fondamentale de Werth est de montrer la multiplicit\u00e9 des r\u00e9volutions qui agitent le pays tout au long de l\u2019ann\u00e9e, sans lire l\u2019ensemble du processus \u00e0 la lumi\u00e8re de sa conclusion bolchevique. Dans La R\u00e9volution russe, une histoire fran\u00e7aise, Eric Aunoble pose le jugement suivant sur cet ouvrage :<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u00abPour la premi\u00e8re fois, on sort totalement de la scansion en deux temps \u2013 F\u00e9vrier\/Octobre \u2013 qui rythmait tous les r\u00e9cits, pour red\u00e9couvrir le foisonnement de discussion et d\u2019organisation qui avait saisi toute la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 russe, faisant de l\u2019ex-empire des tsars \u00able pays le plus libre du monde\u00bb. Le vent libertaire qui souffle dans certaines pages de sa Russie en r\u00e9volution donne corps \u00e0 l\u2019affirmation qui ouvre son chapitre dans le Livre noir (du communisme, 1997 \u00e9galement).<br \/>\nIl se pr\u00e9sente comme un de ces historiens \u00abqui refusent le sch\u00e9ma simpliste de l\u2019historiographie lib\u00e9rale aujourd\u2019hui dominante\u00bb et, sans adh\u00e9rer \u00e0 \u00abla vulgate marxisante\u00bb, il se r\u00e9clame plut\u00f4t de la d\u00e9marche de Marc Ferro et ne se situe pas du tout dans la filiation d\u2019une analyse r\u00e9actionnaire. C\u2019est sans doute une des raisons de la temp\u00eate provoqu\u00e9e par le Livre noir : les auteurs font la critique du communisme \u00abparce qu\u2019ils demeurent ancr\u00e9s \u00e0 gauche\u00bb, selon les mots de Courtois.<br \/>\nDans le Livre noir, la d\u00e9monstration de Nicolas Werth qui suit cette d\u00e9claration de principes est d\u2019autant plus implacable. Comme Marc Ferro avant lui, il montre le d\u00e9calage entre ce que les soldats, les paysans, les ouvriers ou les allog\u00e8nes mettent derri\u00e8re le \u00abpouvoir aux soviets\u00bb, derri\u00e8re les slogans de Paix, de Terre, de Contr\u00f4le ouvrier et de Droit des peuples, et le contenu qu\u2019en donnent les bolcheviks. Seule force r\u00e9ellement organis\u00e9e dans un pays qui se d\u00e9lite, ils prennent le pouvoir gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 ce malentendu et s\u2019y maintiennent par la force.<br \/>\nApr\u00e8s quinze pages de r\u00e9volution, suivent quatre-vingt-dix pages de r\u00e9pression en tout genre (notamment contre les protestations ouvri\u00e8res) qui am\u00e8nent le lecteur jusqu\u2019en 1922. Les citations sont nombreuses et l\u2019\u00e9rudition difficile \u00e0 prendre en d\u00e9faut.\u00bb<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/1460408789_thumb.jpg\" alt=\"img-alternative-text\" align=\"middle\" class=\"aligncenter\"><br \/>\n<em>La R\u00e9volution russe, une histoire fran\u00e7aise<\/em> par Eric Aunoble, La Fabrique, 264 p., 14 euros<br \/>\nSource : <a href=\"http:\/\/bibliobs.nouvelobs.com\/idees\/20160311.OBS6254\/peut-on-encore-celebrer-la-revolution-russe.html\">Peut-on encore c\u00e9l\u00e9brer la R\u00e9volution russe? &#8211; Bibliobs &#8211; L&rsquo;Obs<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>En 1997, Nicolas Werth a publi\u00e9 dans la collection \u00abD\u00e9couvertes Gallimard\u00bb La Russie en r\u00e9volution. L\u2019id\u00e9e fondamentale de Werth est de montrer la multiplicit\u00e9 des r\u00e9volutions qui agitent le pays tout au long de l\u2019ann\u00e9e, sans lire l\u2019ensemble du processus \u00e0 la lumi\u00e8re de sa conclusion bolchevique. Dans La R\u00e9volution russe, une histoire fran\u00e7aise, Eric [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":11345,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_import_markdown_pro_load_document_selector":0,"_import_markdown_pro_submit_text_textarea":"","_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[5,11,16],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-11346","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-histoire-savante","8":"category-nouvelles-de-lhistoire","9":"category-publications","10":"entry"},"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"featured_image_src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/1460408789_thumb.jpg?resize=499%2C400&ssl=1","featured_image_src_square":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/1460408789_thumb.jpg?resize=499%2C600&ssl=1","author_info":{"display_name":"Lyonel Kaufmann","author_link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/author\/lyonelk\/"},"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/1460408789_thumb.jpg?fit=499%2C762&ssl=1","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p1rJVM-2X0","jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":138,"url":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/2006\/11\/01\/m078-interseance-et-complements-30102006\/","url_meta":{"origin":11346,"position":0},"title":"M078 &#8211; Inters\u00e9ance et compl\u00e9ments (30.10.2006)","author":"Lyonel Kaufmann","date":"1 novembre 2006","format":false,"excerpt":"Inters\u00e9ance : A ne pas oublier la s\u00e9ance du 7 novembre. \u2022 apporter pour la prochaine s\u00e9ance, au moins, un document historique (source) devant servir pour une activit\u00e9 d\u2019\u00e9l\u00e8ve. Comment faire pour trouver rapidement des informations afin d'\u00e9laborer mon cours d'histoire (Guillaume Roduit) Th\u00e8me choisi\u00a0: la R\u00e9volution communiste de 1917\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;M\u00e9dias et technologies&quot;","block_context":{"text":"M\u00e9dias et technologies","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/category\/medias-et-technologies\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":12869,"url":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/2017\/02\/26\/la-suisse-face-a-la-revolution-russe-objet-dune-exposition-a-zurich-rtsch\/","url_meta":{"origin":11346,"position":1},"title":"La Suisse face \u00e0 la R\u00e9volution russe, objet d&rsquo;une exposition \u00e0 Zurich &#8211; rts.ch","author":"Lyonel Kaufmann","date":"26 f\u00e9vrier 2017","format":false,"excerpt":"En 1917, la Suisse \u00e9tait une terre d'exil pour 8500 Russes, dont L\u00e9nine, et la Russie une terre d'\u00e9migration pour 20'000 Suisses. Les liens entre les deux pays sont expos\u00e9s \u00e0 Zurich, pour le centenaire de la R\u00e9volution russe. Jusqu'au 25 juin 2017, le Mus\u00e9e national pr\u00e9sente l'exposition \"La R\u00e9volution\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Nouvelles de l'histoire&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Nouvelles de l'histoire","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/category\/nouvelles-de-lhistoire\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/Image-26.02.17-15-20.jpeg?fit=1200%2C674&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/Image-26.02.17-15-20.jpeg?fit=1200%2C674&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/Image-26.02.17-15-20.jpeg?fit=1200%2C674&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/Image-26.02.17-15-20.jpeg?fit=1200%2C674&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/Image-26.02.17-15-20.jpeg?fit=1200%2C674&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":6781,"url":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/2013\/02\/07\/la-revolution-russe-en-couleur-photographie\/","url_meta":{"origin":11346,"position":2},"title":"La R\u00e9volution russe en couleur &#124; Photographie","author":"Lyonel Kaufmann","date":"7 f\u00e9vrier 2013","format":false,"excerpt":"Soldats portant un masque \u00e0 gaz \u00e0 l\u2019abri dans une casemate. \u00c0 quoi ressemblait la Russie juste apr\u00e8s la r\u00e9volution de f\u00e9vrier 1917 ? Un collectionneur californien vient de compl\u00e9ter la restauration de quelque 500 photographies croqu\u00e9es par un jeune pasteur am\u00e9ricain lors d\u2019un s\u00e9jour en Asie du Nord alors\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Histoire active&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Histoire active","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/category\/didactique\/histoire-active\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/article-2261174-16DE2423000005DC-271_634x499.jpg?fit=634%2C499&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/article-2261174-16DE2423000005DC-271_634x499.jpg?fit=634%2C499&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/article-2261174-16DE2423000005DC-271_634x499.jpg?fit=634%2C499&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x"},"classes":[]},{"id":14649,"url":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/2018\/07\/24\/grande-guerre-et-revolution-russe-une-revolution-des-femmes-pour-les-femmes\/","url_meta":{"origin":11346,"position":3},"title":"Sac de plage : Grande Guerre et R\u00e9volution Russe : \u00ab\u00a0une r\u00e9volution\u00a0\u00bb des femmes, pour les femmes\u00a0?","author":"Lyonel Kaufmann","date":"24 juillet 2018","format":false,"excerpt":"1917, la Russie d\u00e9bute sa r\u00e9volution le jour de la c\u00e9l\u00e9bration de la Journ\u00e9e internationale des Femmes. \u00c0 la fin de la guerre, dans les plus hautes sph\u00e8res politiques d'un pays en pleine guerre civile, des femmes participent \u00e0 l'\u00e9laboration d'un nouvel \u00e9quilibre mondial - et attisent l'int\u00e9r\u00eat de la\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Histoire savante&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Histoire savante","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/category\/didactique\/histoire-savante\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/3DAC6A62-7367-4898-A6D1-F165035E1DF9.jpeg?fit=640%2C618&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/3DAC6A62-7367-4898-A6D1-F165035E1DF9.jpeg?fit=640%2C618&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/3DAC6A62-7367-4898-A6D1-F165035E1DF9.jpeg?fit=640%2C618&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x"},"classes":[]},{"id":8583,"url":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/2014\/11\/30\/orlando-figes-2007-la-revolution-russe-1891-1924-la-tragedie-dun-peuple\/","url_meta":{"origin":11346,"position":4},"title":"Orlando Figes (2007). La R\u00e9volution russe. 1891-1924 : la trag\u00e9die d\u2019un peuple","author":"Lyonel Kaufmann","date":"30 novembre 2014","format":false,"excerpt":"Orlando Figes (2007).\u00a0La R\u00e9volution russe. 1891-1924 : la trag\u00e9die d\u2019un peuple.\u00a0Paris : Deno\u00ebl, 1107 pages. Pr\u00e9face de Marc Ferro.\u00a0ISBN\u00a0: 978-2-207-25839-2 Finalement, j\u2019ai men\u00e9 au bout la lecture (de longue haleine) de cet ouvrage de plus de 1000 pages paru en fran\u00e7ais en 2007, plus de 10 ans apr\u00e8s sa publication\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Histoire savante&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Histoire savante","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/category\/didactique\/histoire-savante\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/aeb571e97762f600b61f5668bf325728.gif?fit=296%2C475&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":13577,"url":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/2017\/11\/12\/la-revolution-doctobre-a-travers-les-yeux-des-suisses-dodis\/","url_meta":{"origin":11346,"position":5},"title":"La r\u00e9volution d\u2019octobre \u00e0 travers les yeux des Suisses | Dodis","author":"Lyonel Kaufmann","date":"12 novembre 2017","format":false,"excerpt":"Le 7 novembre 1917 au soir, la l\u00e9gation de Suisse \u00e0 P\u00e9trograd envoie un t\u00e9l\u00e9graphe \u00e0 Berne. \u00abIl semble que le coup d\u2019\u00c9tat des maximalistes ait r\u00e9ussi. P\u00e9trograd est compl\u00e8tement aux mains du soviet local. Un gouvernement L\u00e9nine\/Trotski est sur le point de se former. Ce soir, \u00e0 10 h,\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Nouvelles de l'histoire&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Nouvelles de l'histoire","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/category\/nouvelles-de-lhistoire\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/Image-12.11.17-15-25.jpeg?fit=1200%2C975&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/Image-12.11.17-15-25.jpeg?fit=1200%2C975&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/Image-12.11.17-15-25.jpeg?fit=1200%2C975&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/Image-12.11.17-15-25.jpeg?fit=1200%2C975&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/Image-12.11.17-15-25.jpeg?fit=1200%2C975&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11346","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11346"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11346\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/11345"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11346"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11346"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11346"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}