{"id":16733,"date":"2019-12-11T10:45:53","date_gmt":"2019-12-11T09:45:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/?p=16733"},"modified":"2019-12-11T10:45:53","modified_gmt":"2019-12-11T09:45:53","slug":"le-brexit-est-le-produit-de-la-desindustrialisation-le-devoir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/2019\/12\/11\/le-brexit-est-le-produit-de-la-desindustrialisation-le-devoir\/","title":{"rendered":"Le Brexit est le produit de la d\u00e9sindustrialisation | Le Devoir"},"content":{"rendered":"\r\n<p>Pour l\u2019historien David Edgerton du King\u2019s College de Londres, auteur de <em>The Rise and Fall of the British Nation<\/em> (Penguin), les racines du Brexit se trouvent moins dans les frictions historiques entre Londres et Bruxelles que dans les choix \u00e9conomiques faits par le Royaume-Uni depuis 40 ans. Le sentiment de d\u00e9possession ressenti par toute une partie de la population britannique, dit-il, n\u2019a rien \u00e0 voir avec la nostalgie de l\u2019Empire, comme l\u2019affirme une partie de la gauche, mais tout \u00e0 voir avec la v\u00e9ritable disparition du capitalisme national, qui avait fait la prosp\u00e9rit\u00e9 de l\u2019apr\u00e8s-guerre.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\r\n<p><em>\u00ab Depuis 40 ans, le Royaume-Uni s\u2019est d\u00e9sindustrialis\u00e9 \u00e0 un niveau difficilement imaginable, dit-il. Dans les ann\u00e9es 1960, il \u00e9tait aussi industrialis\u00e9 que la France et l\u2019Allemagne. Il y avait un capitalisme national britannique qui comprenait des industries automobiles, chimiques, pharmaceutiques et a\u00e9ronautiques. Aujourd\u2019hui, pratiquement tout est disparu. \u00bb<\/em><\/p>\r\n<\/blockquote>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>Pour David Edgerton, cette transformation radicale n\u2019\u00e9tait pas in\u00e9vitable. Ce fut d\u2019abord un choix id\u00e9ologique : celui de Margaret Thatcher.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>Comme l\u2019a fait avant lui le sociologue fran\u00e7ais Christophe Guilluy, David Edgerton compare Londres aux cit\u00e9s-\u00c9tats du Moyen \u00c2ge:<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\r\n<p><em>\u00ab Ce n\u2019est plus la capitale d\u2019une nation, mais une \u00eele, une cit\u00e9-\u00c9tat mondialis\u00e9e. Les Londoniens ont vot\u00e9 pour le Remain parce qu\u2019ils sont engag\u00e9s dans l\u2019\u00e9conomie mondialis\u00e9e europ\u00e9enne. Les Londoniens savent qu\u2019ils se font soigner par des infirmi\u00e8res nig\u00e9riennes et des m\u00e9decins espagnols. \u00bb<\/em><\/p>\r\n<\/blockquote>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>Malheureusement, dit l\u2019historien, ni les travaillistes ni les conservateurs ne veulent parler de ce qu\u2019il faut bien appeler la disparition du capitalisme national en Grande-Bretagne.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>-A lire : <a title=\"Le Brexit est le produit de la d\u00e9sindustrialisation | Le Devoir\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ledevoir.com\/monde\/europe\/568795\/le-brexit-est-le-produit-de-la-desindustrialisation?utm_source=infolettre-2019-12-11&amp;utm_medium=email&amp;utm_campaign=infolettre-quotidienne\">Le Brexit est le produit de la d\u00e9sindustrialisation | Le Devoir<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>Cr\u00e9dit image : <a href=\"https:\/\/pixabay.com\/service\/license\/\">Pixabay License<\/a>. Free for commercial use. No attribution required<\/p>\r\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Pour l\u2019historien David Edgerton du King\u2019s College de Londres, auteur de The Rise and Fall of the British Nation (Penguin), les racines du Brexit se trouvent moins dans les frictions historiques entre Londres et Bruxelles que dans les choix \u00e9conomiques faits par le Royaume-Uni depuis 40 ans. Le sentiment de d\u00e9possession ressenti par toute une [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":16732,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_import_markdown_pro_load_document_selector":0,"_import_markdown_pro_submit_text_textarea":"","_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[13],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-16733","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-opinionsreflexions","8":"entry"},"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"featured_image_src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/eu-1473958_1280.81ea4c31a60d452cad9607bf38b72321.png?resize=600%2C400&ssl=1","featured_image_src_square":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/eu-1473958_1280.81ea4c31a60d452cad9607bf38b72321.png?resize=600%2C600&ssl=1","author_info":{"display_name":"Lyonel Kaufmann","author_link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/author\/lyonelk\/"},"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/eu-1473958_1280.81ea4c31a60d452cad9607bf38b72321.png?fit=1280%2C853&ssl=1","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p1rJVM-4lT","jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":18337,"url":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/2021\/05\/03\/pourquoi-les-pauvres-votent-ils-a-droite-une-etude-de-50-democraties-1948-2020\/","url_meta":{"origin":16733,"position":0},"title":"Pourquoi les pauvres votent-ils \u00e0 droite ? Une \u00e9tude de 50 d\u00e9mocraties (1948-2020)","author":"Lyonel Kaufmann","date":"3 mai 2021","format":false,"excerpt":"Livre. Pourquoi les partis de gauche, qui pr\u00f4nent plus de redistribution, ne profitent-ils pas \u00e9lectoralement de la forte mont\u00e9e des in\u00e9galit\u00e9s que connaissent, depuis quarante ans, les pays d\u00e9mocratiques ? Du Royaume-Uni \u00e0 l'Inde en passant par les Etats-Unis, la Turquie, la France, le Br\u00e9sil, ce sont, au contraire, les\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Nouvelles de l'histoire&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Nouvelles de l'histoire","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/category\/nouvelles-de-lhistoire\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/4cd3a02_759688846-145647-couverture-hres-0.jpg?fit=664%2C1043&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/4cd3a02_759688846-145647-couverture-hres-0.jpg?fit=664%2C1043&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/4cd3a02_759688846-145647-couverture-hres-0.jpg?fit=664%2C1043&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x"},"classes":[]},{"id":15583,"url":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/2018\/12\/30\/un-char-celtique-decouvert-en-bulgarie-les-gaulois-en-thrace-il-y-a-2-300-ans\/","url_meta":{"origin":16733,"position":1},"title":"Un char celtique d\u00e9couvert en Bulgarie : les Gaulois en Thrace il y a 2 300 ans","author":"Lyonel Kaufmann","date":"30 d\u00e9cembre 2018","format":false,"excerpt":"Arch\u00e9ologie | Un exceptionnel char celtique a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9couvert en Bulgarie, avec ses chevaux enterr\u00e9s debout, fig\u00e9s. T\u00e9moin d\u2019une improbable migration gauloise en Thrace, il y a 2 300 ans. Les royaumes Thraces et G\u00e8tes sont aujourd\u2019hui l\u2019objet de recherches entreprises par une \u00e9quipe internationale de chercheurs bulgares, suisses et\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Histoire savante&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Histoire savante","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/category\/didactique\/histoire-savante\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/321E9CE4-1100-4E3F-8B45-4199B5F03E0A.d01d03dd2c674e18a1c5318acd294dab.jpeg?fit=838%2C582&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/321E9CE4-1100-4E3F-8B45-4199B5F03E0A.d01d03dd2c674e18a1c5318acd294dab.jpeg?fit=838%2C582&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/321E9CE4-1100-4E3F-8B45-4199B5F03E0A.d01d03dd2c674e18a1c5318acd294dab.jpeg?fit=838%2C582&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/321E9CE4-1100-4E3F-8B45-4199B5F03E0A.d01d03dd2c674e18a1c5318acd294dab.jpeg?fit=838%2C582&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":16901,"url":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/2020\/01\/06\/lesprit-dentreprise-francais-en-chine-1890-1940\/","url_meta":{"origin":16733,"position":2},"title":"L\u2019esprit d\u2019entreprise fran\u00e7ais en Chine (1890-1940)","author":"Lyonel Kaufmann","date":"6 janvier 2020","format":false,"excerpt":"La Chine est redevenue un enjeu de la comp\u00e9tition mondiale depuis les ann\u00e9es 1980 en adoptant une strat\u00e9gie de \u00ab croissance en \u00e9conomie ouverte \u00bb. Ce serait peu ou prou un retour \u00e0 la situation d\u2019avant l\u2019\u00e9tatiste communiste instaur\u00e9 dans les ann\u00e9es 1950. Mais les rapports de force sont invers\u00e9s\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Histoire savante&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Histoire savante","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/category\/didactique\/histoire-savante\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/EB5E63AE-D0B6-40A6-81B4-BCFF89FAFD0B.8a288d26cfae42a6b1a64aa7c7a0b558.png?fit=400%2C700&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":6219,"url":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/2012\/10\/01\/eric-hobsbawm-fin-de-parcours\/","url_meta":{"origin":16733,"position":3},"title":"Eric Hobsbawm : fin de parcours","author":"Lyonel Kaufmann","date":"1 octobre 2012","format":false,"excerpt":"N\u00e9 \u00e0 Alexandrie de parents juifs en 1917, l\u2019historien britannique Eric Hobsbawn s\u2019est \u00e9teint le 1er octobre 2012 au Free Hospital de Londres, \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e2ge de 95 ans. Membre du Parti communiste de Grande-Bretagne depuis 1936, il collabora jusqu\u2019en 1991 \u00e0 la revue Marxism Today. En 2009, Mediapart nous proposait\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Histoire savante&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Histoire savante","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/category\/didactique\/histoire-savante\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/eric-hobsbawm-0021.jpg?fit=460%2C276&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":13917,"url":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/2018\/03\/22\/des-neurosciences-a-la-classe-quest-ce-qui-marche-innovation-education-lab\/","url_meta":{"origin":16733,"position":4},"title":"Des neurosciences \u00e0 la classe : qu&rsquo;est-ce qui marche ? | Innovation Education Lab","author":"Lyonel Kaufmann","date":"22 mars 2018","format":false,"excerpt":"Ce programme de travail a \u00e9t\u00e9 conduit par l\u2019Education Endowment Foundation avec le financement du Welcome Trust au Royaume-Uni. The Education Endowment Foundation (EEF) est un organisme ind\u00e9pendant qui vise \u00e0 am\u00e9liorer la r\u00e9ussite des \u00e9l\u00e8ves de 3 \u00e0 18 ans, particuli\u00e8rement les plus d\u00e9savantag\u00e9s, en d\u00e9veloppant leurs comp\u00e9tences pour\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Publications&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Publications","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/category\/didactique\/publications\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":10988,"url":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/2016\/02\/03\/1916-2016-la-terrible-beaute-de-linsurrection-de-paques-a-dublin-reste-vivante-aujourdhui\/","url_meta":{"origin":16733,"position":5},"title":"1916 &#8211; 2016 : La terrible beaut\u00e9 de l&rsquo;Insurrection de P\u00e2ques \u00e0 Dublin reste vivante aujourd&rsquo;hui","author":"Lyonel Kaufmann","date":"3 f\u00e9vrier 2016","format":false,"excerpt":"Alors que 2016 marquera le centenaire de l'Insurrection de P\u00e2ques \u00e0 Dublin (appel\u00e9e \u00e9galement les P\u00e2ques sanglantes), le journal anglais The Guardian publie un tr\u00e8s int\u00e9ressant\u00a0article sur la m\u00e9moire de cet \u00e9v\u00e9nement.\u00a0Indirectement \u00a0un tel article fait \u00e9cho \u00e0 la mani\u00e8re dont les soci\u00e9t\u00e9s actuelles sont confront\u00e9es au terrorisme. La\u00a0m\u00e9moire de\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Histoire savante&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Histoire savante","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/category\/didactique\/histoire-savante\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/594B38F9-2F5C-476F-A6E6-A25F679E78CA.jpeg?fit=1200%2C720&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/594B38F9-2F5C-476F-A6E6-A25F679E78CA.jpeg?fit=1200%2C720&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/594B38F9-2F5C-476F-A6E6-A25F679E78CA.jpeg?fit=1200%2C720&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/594B38F9-2F5C-476F-A6E6-A25F679E78CA.jpeg?fit=1200%2C720&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/594B38F9-2F5C-476F-A6E6-A25F679E78CA.jpeg?fit=1200%2C720&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16733","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16733"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16733\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/16732"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16733"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16733"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16733"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}