{"id":16775,"date":"2019-12-22T21:56:15","date_gmt":"2019-12-22T20:56:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/?p=16775"},"modified":"2019-12-22T21:58:39","modified_gmt":"2019-12-22T20:58:39","slug":"famine-rouge-la-guerre-de-staline-en-ukraine-red-famine-stalins-war-on-ukraine-danne-applebaum","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/2019\/12\/22\/famine-rouge-la-guerre-de-staline-en-ukraine-red-famine-stalins-war-on-ukraine-danne-applebaum\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00ab\u00a0Famine rouge. La guerre de Staline en Ukraine\u00a0\u00bb (Red Famine. Stalin\u2019s War on Ukraine), d\u2019Anne Applebaum"},"content":{"rendered":"\r\n<p><strong>L\u2019historienne Anne Appelbaum revient sur <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Famines_sovi%C3%A9tiques_de_1931-1933\">une famine<\/a> de mieux en mieux connue, mais qui reste difficile \u00e0 d\u00e9finir sur le plan juridique. <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Holodomor\">Holodomor<\/a>, l\u2019extermination par la faim est cette famine rouge r\u00e9sultant d\u2019une politique d\u00e9lib\u00e9r\u00e9e par laquelle Staline a d\u00e9cim\u00e9 l\u2019Ukraine entre 1931 et 1934.<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>Anne Appelbaum livre une brillante synth\u00e8se permise par la publication d\u2019une partie des archives ex-sovi\u00e9tiques. L\u2019ouvrage n\u2019est pas le premier sur le sujet mais il constitue une synth\u00e8se utile.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\r\n<figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"688\" height=\"438\" data-attachment-id=\"16773\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/2019\/12\/22\/famine-rouge-la-guerre-de-staline-en-ukraine-red-famine-stalins-war-on-ukraine-danne-applebaum\/02f2dfd3-4e69-444e-92cc-fadce33c32b1-jpeg\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/02F2DFD3-4E69-444E-92CC-FADCE33C32B1.jpeg?fit=688%2C438&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"688,438\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;Cr\u00e9dit photo  : Paysans ukrainiens fuyant la famine, vers 1932-1933. akg-images\/Pictures From History&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/02F2DFD3-4E69-444E-92CC-FADCE33C32B1.jpeg?fit=688%2C438&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"wp-image-16773\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/02F2DFD3-4E69-444E-92CC-FADCE33C32B1.jpeg?resize=688%2C438&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"Cr\u00e9dit photo  : Paysans ukrainiens fuyant la famine, vers 1932-1933. akg-images\/Pictures From History\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/02F2DFD3-4E69-444E-92CC-FADCE33C32B1.jpeg?w=688&amp;ssl=1 688w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/02F2DFD3-4E69-444E-92CC-FADCE33C32B1.jpeg?resize=300%2C191&amp;ssl=1 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 688px) 100vw, 688px\" \/>\r\n<figcaption>Cr\u00e9dit photo : Paysans ukrainiens fuyant la famine, vers 1932-1933. akg-images\/Pictures From History<\/figcaption>\r\n<\/figure>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>Quand, en 1937, l\u2019Union sovi\u00e9tique entreprend un recensement de sa population, la presse officielle n\u2019attend pas ses conclusions pour c\u00e9l\u00e9brer un formidable essor d\u00e9mographique. Mais, alors que les statisticiens tablaient sur 170\u00a0millions, le chiffre se r\u00e9v\u00e8le catastrophique\u00a0: 162\u00a0millions. On constitue une nouvelle \u00e9quipe, dont les r\u00e9sultats, l\u2019ann\u00e9e suivante, ont le bon go\u00fbt de se confondre avec l\u2019objectif. Commentaire de Staline\u00a0: <em>\u00ab\u00a0Sous lesoleil de la Grande R\u00e9volution socialiste se produit une augmen\u00adtation de la population <\/em>(\u2026)<em> encore jamais vue.\u00a0\u00bb<\/em><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>C\u2019est, bien s\u00fbr, le contraire qui est vrai\u00a0: des millions de personnes font d\u00e9faut. Mais que s\u2019est-il pass\u00e9\u00a0? Une part d\u00e9cisive de la \u00adr\u00e9ponse, d\u00e9montre Anne Applebaum dans <em>Famine rouge<\/em>, est \u00e0 chercher en Ukraine o\u00f9, entre 1932 et 1934, la faim a ravag\u00e9 les campagnes, comme elle l\u2019a fait, de mani\u00e8re moins intense, \u00e0 travers d\u2019autres r\u00e9gions d\u2019URSS. Des \u00e9tudes d\u00e9mographiques qui font d\u00e9sormais autorit\u00e9 \u00e9tablissent \u00e0 3,9\u00a0millions, durant la p\u00e9riode, les morts <em>\u00ab\u00a0en exc\u00e9dent\u00a0\u00bb<\/em> en Ukraine, auxquels s\u2019ajoute presque 1\u00a0million d\u2019autres \u00e0 travers le reste de l\u2019Union sovi\u00e9tique.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>-Compte-rendus :<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lemonde.fr\/livres\/article\/2019\/12\/22\/famine-rouge-d-anne-applebaum-lenine-et-staline-affameurs_6023776_3260.html\">\u00ab\u00a0Famine rouge\u00a0\u00bb, d\u2019Anne Applebaum\u00a0: L\u00e9nine et Staline, affameurs | Le Monde<\/a><\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nonfiction.fr\/article-10119-lukraine-affamee-par-les-autorites-sovietiques.htm\">L\u2019Ukraine affam\u00e9e par les autorit\u00e9s sovi\u00e9tiques | nonfiction.fr<\/a><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>L\u2019ouvrage : \u00ab\u00a0Famine rouge. La guerre de Staline en Ukraine\u00a0\u00bb (Red Famine. Stalin\u2019s War on Ukraine), d\u2019Anne Applebaum, traduit de l\u2019anglais (Etats-Unis) par Aude de Saint-Loup et Pierre-Emmanuel Dauzat, Grasset, 532 p., 26\u00a0\u20ac.<\/p>\r\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>L\u2019historienne Anne Appelbaum revient sur une famine de mieux en mieux connue, mais qui reste difficile \u00e0 d\u00e9finir sur le plan juridique. Holodomor, l\u2019extermination par la faim est cette famine rouge r\u00e9sultant d\u2019une politique d\u00e9lib\u00e9r\u00e9e par laquelle Staline a d\u00e9cim\u00e9 l\u2019Ukraine entre 1931 et 1934. Anne Appelbaum livre une brillante synth\u00e8se permise par la publication [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":16774,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_import_markdown_pro_load_document_selector":0,"_import_markdown_pro_submit_text_textarea":"","_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[5,16],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-16775","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-histoire-savante","8":"category-publications","9":"entry"},"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"featured_image_src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/E213F17D-5E94-4B86-A23F-557C7023B88A.6cae651873474e19a0a33f2a5bc8a65e.jpeg?resize=600%2C400&ssl=1","featured_image_src_square":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/E213F17D-5E94-4B86-A23F-557C7023B88A.6cae651873474e19a0a33f2a5bc8a65e.jpeg?resize=600%2C600&ssl=1","author_info":{"display_name":"Lyonel Kaufmann","author_link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/author\/lyonelk\/"},"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/E213F17D-5E94-4B86-A23F-557C7023B88A.6cae651873474e19a0a33f2a5bc8a65e.jpeg?fit=600%2C930&ssl=1","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p1rJVM-4mz","jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":14947,"url":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/2018\/09\/23\/cinema-black-47-le-premier-film-sur-la-famine-irlandaise-fait-un-carton-courrier-international\/","url_meta":{"origin":16775,"position":0},"title":"Cin\u00e9ma. \u201cBlack 47\u201d, le premier film sur la famine irlandaise, fait un carton | Courrier international","author":"Lyonel Kaufmann","date":"23 septembre 2018","format":false,"excerpt":"\u00c9v\u00e9nement marquant de l\u2019histoire de l\u2019\u00eele, la grande famine du XIXe\u00a0si\u00e8cle n\u2019avait jamais \u00e9t\u00e9 port\u00e9e \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9cran. C\u2019est d\u00e9sormais chose faite. Le thriller, qui vient de sortir en Irlande, a \u00e9t\u00e9 salu\u00e9 par la\u00a0critique.\u00a0 La Grande Famine a enflamm\u00e9 les r\u00e9volutionnaires et cr\u00e9\u00e9 une diaspora tr\u00e8s nombreuse et influente aux\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;M\u00e9dias et technologies&quot;","block_context":{"text":"M\u00e9dias et technologies","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/category\/medias-et-technologies\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/black47.jpg?fit=765%2C430&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/black47.jpg?fit=765%2C430&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/black47.jpg?fit=765%2C430&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/black47.jpg?fit=765%2C430&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":11290,"url":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/2016\/04\/05\/paysages-du-front-dorient-le-mont-liban-les-stigmates-de-la-famine-de-1915-1918-archeorient\/","url_meta":{"origin":16775,"position":1},"title":"Paysages du front d\u2019Orient. Le Mont-Liban. Les stigmates de la famine de 1915-1918 | Arch\u00e9Orient","author":"Lyonel Kaufmann","date":"5 avril 2016","format":false,"excerpt":"En France comme en Allemagne, c'est le front de l'Ouest qui occupe (tous) les esprits \u00e0 propos de la Premi\u00e8re Guerre mondiale. Pourtant, elle ne saurait se limiter aux tranch\u00e9es de Verdun ou \u00e0 l'offensive de la Somme ou des Flandres. Merci donc \u00e0 Arch\u00e9Orient de nous proposer ce tr\u00e8s\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Histoire savante&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Histoire savante","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/category\/didactique\/histoire-savante\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/Figure-1-768x958.jpg?fit=768%2C958&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/Figure-1-768x958.jpg?fit=768%2C958&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/Figure-1-768x958.jpg?fit=768%2C958&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/Figure-1-768x958.jpg?fit=768%2C958&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":12399,"url":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/2016\/11\/19\/lecture-les-envoyes-de-staline-de-brigitte-studer-la-vie-des-idees\/","url_meta":{"origin":16775,"position":2},"title":"Lecture : Les envoy\u00e9s de Staline de Brigitte Studer | La vie des id\u00e9es","author":"Lyonel Kaufmann","date":"19 novembre 2016","format":false,"excerpt":"Brigitte Studer, professeur d\u2019histoire \u00e0 l\u2019Universit\u00e9 de Bern, apr\u00e8s une th\u00e8se d\u2019histoire sociale consacr\u00e9e au parti communiste suisse, s\u2019est progressivement attach\u00e9e \u00e0 la dimension internationale de l\u2019histoire du communisme en privil\u00e9giant l\u2019analyse de ses institutions et de ses acteurs, les fameux Kominterniens. Brigitte Studer, The Transnational World of Cominternians, Palgrave\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Histoire savante&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Histoire savante","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/category\/didactique\/histoire-savante\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/Image-19.11.16-17-21.jpeg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":20098,"url":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/2024\/11\/25\/lia-generative-et-linstrumentalisation-de-la-memoire-de-lholocauste-en-ukraine\/","url_meta":{"origin":16775,"position":3},"title":"L&rsquo;IA g\u00e9n\u00e9rative et l&rsquo;instrumentalisation de la m\u00e9moire de l&rsquo;Holocauste en Ukraine","author":"Lyonel Kaufmann","date":"25 novembre 2024","format":false,"excerpt":"L'essor r\u00e9cent de l'intelligence artificielle g\u00e9n\u00e9rative (IA) peut-il conduire \u00e0 des transformations fondamentales dans le domaine de la m\u00e9moire de l'Holocauste ? Plus particuli\u00e8rement en Europe de l'Est en lien avec le conflit opposant la Russie \u00e0 l'Ukaine ? L'Institut f\u00fcr Kommunikations- und Medienwissenschaft \u00e0 l'universit\u00e9 de Berne m\u00e8ne actuellement\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;histodons&quot;","block_context":{"text":"histodons","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/category\/humanites-digitales\/histodons\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/image.png?fit=1024%2C768&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/image.png?fit=1024%2C768&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/image.png?fit=1024%2C768&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/image.png?fit=1024%2C768&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":8583,"url":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/2014\/11\/30\/orlando-figes-2007-la-revolution-russe-1891-1924-la-tragedie-dun-peuple\/","url_meta":{"origin":16775,"position":4},"title":"Orlando Figes (2007). La R\u00e9volution russe. 1891-1924 : la trag\u00e9die d\u2019un peuple","author":"Lyonel Kaufmann","date":"30 novembre 2014","format":false,"excerpt":"Orlando Figes (2007).\u00a0La R\u00e9volution russe. 1891-1924 : la trag\u00e9die d\u2019un peuple.\u00a0Paris : Deno\u00ebl, 1107 pages. Pr\u00e9face de Marc Ferro.\u00a0ISBN\u00a0: 978-2-207-25839-2 Finalement, j\u2019ai men\u00e9 au bout la lecture (de longue haleine) de cet ouvrage de plus de 1000 pages paru en fran\u00e7ais en 2007, plus de 10 ans apr\u00e8s sa publication\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Histoire savante&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Histoire savante","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/category\/didactique\/histoire-savante\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/aeb571e97762f600b61f5668bf325728.gif?fit=296%2C475&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":4675,"url":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/2009\/02\/27\/comprendre-les-origines-de-la-shoah-2\/","url_meta":{"origin":16775,"position":5},"title":"Comprendre les origines de la Shoah","author":"Lyonel Kaufmann","date":"27 f\u00e9vrier 2009","format":false,"excerpt":"Pendant longtemps, les historiens ont pens\u00e9 que toute la Shoah avait \u00e9t\u00e9 planifi\u00e9e avant le d\u00e9clenchement de la guerre germano-sovi\u00e9tique\u00a0; ensuite est venue une \u00e9cole d\u2019historiens, plus attentive \u00e0 la complexit\u00e9 du processus r\u00e9v\u00e9l\u00e9 par les documents \u2013 en particulier au r\u00f4le des initiatives prises par les agents locaux du\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Nouvelles de l'histoire&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Nouvelles de l'histoire","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/category\/nouvelles-de-lhistoire\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16775","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16775"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16775\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/16774"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16775"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16775"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16775"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}