{"id":17643,"date":"2020-09-01T19:46:30","date_gmt":"2020-09-01T18:46:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/?p=17643"},"modified":"2020-09-01T19:46:32","modified_gmt":"2020-09-01T18:46:32","slug":"4-scenarios-pour-enseigner-ou-former-a-distance","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/2020\/09\/01\/4-scenarios-pour-enseigner-ou-former-a-distance\/","title":{"rendered":"4 sc\u00e9narios pour enseigner ou former \u00e0 distance"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Maintenir la continuit\u00e9 p\u00e9dagogique en cette p\u00e9riode nous a d\u00e9montr\u00e9 plus que jamais le besoin imp\u00e9rieux de s&rsquo;adapter afin de garantir la qualit\u00e9 des apprentissages.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"432\" data-attachment-id=\"17644\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/2020\/09\/01\/4-scenarios-pour-enseigner-ou-former-a-distance\/le-tan-qf0_db5fjya-unsplash-2\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/le-tan-qF0_dB5fJyA-unsplash-2.jpg?fit=640%2C432&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"640,432\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"le-tan-qF0_dB5fJyA-unsplash-2\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/le-tan-qF0_dB5fJyA-unsplash-2.jpg?fit=640%2C432&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/le-tan-qF0_dB5fJyA-unsplash-2.jpg?resize=640%2C432&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-17644\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/le-tan-qF0_dB5fJyA-unsplash-2.jpg?w=640&amp;ssl=1 640w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/le-tan-qF0_dB5fJyA-unsplash-2.jpg?resize=300%2C203&amp;ssl=1 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Le livret gratuit <strong>4 sc\u00e9narios pour enseigner ou former \u00e0 distance<\/strong> (Parmentier et Vicens, Dunod, 2020) propose des sc\u00e9narios d&rsquo;enseignement adapt\u00e9s \u00e0 l&rsquo;enseignement sup\u00e9rieur et reposant sur des principes et m\u00e9thodes issus des recherches exp\u00e9rimentales en enseignement et en psychologie cognitive :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>l&rsquo;expos\u00e9 interactif,<\/strong><\/li><li><strong>le travail en petit groupe,<\/strong><\/li><li><strong>la classe invers\u00e9e,<\/strong><\/li><li><strong>la pr\u00e9sence \u00e0 distance.<\/strong><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Tous d\u00e9butent par la description d&rsquo;une \u200bsituation fictive\u200b, mais bas\u00e9e sur des exp\u00e9riences r\u00e9elles issues de l&rsquo;enseignement sup\u00e9rieur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Les aspects cl\u00e9s d&rsquo;un sc\u00e9nario sont ensuite d\u00e9taill\u00e9s de la mani\u00e8re suivante :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Quel est le principe g\u00e9n\u00e9ral ?<\/strong><\/li><li><strong>Pourquoi et \u00e0 quelles conditions cela fonctionne-t-il ?<\/strong><\/li><li><strong>\u00c0 vous de jouer !<\/strong><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Des \u200b<strong>fiches pratiques<\/strong>\u200b facilitent la mise en application.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Chaque sc\u00e9nario se termine par une liste succincte de <strong>r\u00e9f\u00e9rences bibliographiques<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/jfparmentier.fr\/download\/470\/\">T\u00e9l\u00e9charger le livret<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Source : <a href=\"https:\/\/www.innovation-pedagogique.fr\/article7637.html\">www.innovation-pedagogique.fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Licence :\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/3.0\/deed.fr\">CC by-sa<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Source image : Photo de\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/unsplash.com\/@ktsfish?utm_source=unsplash&amp;utm_medium=referral&amp;utm_content=creditCopyText\">L\u00ea T\u00e2n<\/a>\u00a0sur\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/unsplash.com\/s\/photos\/distance?utm_source=unsplash&amp;utm_medium=referral&amp;utm_content=creditCopyText\">Unsplash<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Maintenir la continuit\u00e9 p\u00e9dagogique en cette p\u00e9riode nous a d\u00e9montr\u00e9 plus que jamais le besoin imp\u00e9rieux de s&rsquo;adapter afin de garantir la qualit\u00e9 des apprentissages. Le livret gratuit 4 sc\u00e9narios pour enseigner ou former \u00e0 distance (Parmentier et Vicens, Dunod, 2020) propose des sc\u00e9narios d&rsquo;enseignement adapt\u00e9s \u00e0 l&rsquo;enseignement sup\u00e9rieur et reposant sur des principes et [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":17644,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_import_markdown_pro_load_document_selector":0,"_import_markdown_pro_submit_text_textarea":"","_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[861],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-17643","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-enseignement-a-distance","8":"entry"},"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"featured_image_src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/le-tan-qF0_dB5fJyA-unsplash-2.jpg?resize=600%2C400&ssl=1","featured_image_src_square":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/le-tan-qF0_dB5fJyA-unsplash-2.jpg?resize=600%2C432&ssl=1","author_info":{"display_name":"Lyonel Kaufmann","author_link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/author\/lyonelk\/"},"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/le-tan-qF0_dB5fJyA-unsplash-2.jpg?fit=640%2C432&ssl=1","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p1rJVM-4Az","jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":17404,"url":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/2020\/05\/04\/se-former-jenseigne-a-distance\/","url_meta":{"origin":17643,"position":0},"title":"Se former : J&rsquo;enseigne \u00e0 distance (T\u00e9luq)","author":"Lyonel Kaufmann","date":"4 mai 2020","format":false,"excerpt":"Voil\u00e0 une formation qui tombe \u00e0 pic, elle est propos\u00e9e par T\u00e9luq et offerte par le minist\u00e8re de l'Education et de l'Enseignement sup\u00e9rieur du Qu\u00e9bec. Elle est en plus gratuite. Elle se compose de 4 microprogrammes que vous pourrez suivre \u00e0 votre rythme. Chaque microprogramme dure 3 ou 4 heures.\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Enseignement \u00e0 distance&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Enseignement \u00e0 distance","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/category\/didactique\/enseignement-a-distance\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/photo-1503676260728-1c00da094a0b-e1678963708851.jpeg?fit=720%2C508&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/photo-1503676260728-1c00da094a0b-e1678963708851.jpeg?fit=720%2C508&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/photo-1503676260728-1c00da094a0b-e1678963708851.jpeg?fit=720%2C508&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/photo-1503676260728-1c00da094a0b-e1678963708851.jpeg?fit=720%2C508&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":17241,"url":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/2020\/03\/30\/histoirecafe-episode-2-mes-quatre-defis-dun-enseignement-a-distance\/","url_meta":{"origin":17643,"position":1},"title":"HistoireCaf\u00e9 : Mes quatre d\u00e9fis d\u2019un enseignement \u00e0 distance","author":"Lyonel Kaufmann","date":"30 mars 2020","format":false,"excerpt":"HistoireCaf\u00e9 est un podcast destin\u00e9 \u00e0 l'enseignement de l'histoire \u00e0 l'\u00e8re num\u00e9rique. \u00a0Pourquoi caf\u00e9 ? Parce que j'aime le caf\u00e9.\u00a0Ce deuxi\u00e8me \u00e9pisode est consacr\u00e9 \u00e0 quatre d\u00e9fis que j'ai relev\u00e9s pour passer \u00e0 un enseignement enti\u00e8rement \u00e0 distance.\u00a0 Apr\u00e8s deux semaines du basculement de nos enseignements enti\u00e8rement \u00e0 distance, un\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Enseignement \u00e0 distance&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Enseignement \u00e0 distance","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/category\/didactique\/enseignement-a-distance\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/israel-palacio-Y20JJ_ddy9M-unsplash-2-e1678963780934.jpg?fit=720%2C480&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/israel-palacio-Y20JJ_ddy9M-unsplash-2-e1678963780934.jpg?fit=720%2C480&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/israel-palacio-Y20JJ_ddy9M-unsplash-2-e1678963780934.jpg?fit=720%2C480&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/israel-palacio-Y20JJ_ddy9M-unsplash-2-e1678963780934.jpg?fit=720%2C480&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":17424,"url":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/2020\/05\/05\/pedagogie-a-distance-les-enseignements-du-e%e2%80%91confinement\/","url_meta":{"origin":17643,"position":2},"title":"P\u00e9dagogie \u00e0 distance\u00a0: les\u00a0enseignements du\u00a0e\u2011confinement","author":"Lyonel Kaufmann","date":"5 mai 2020","format":false,"excerpt":"Je note et adh\u00e8re : \u00ab\u00a0Si la continuit\u00e9 p\u00e9dagogique consiste \u00e0 faire de la t\u00e9l\u00e9vision scolaire degr\u00e9 z\u00e9ro, en pla\u00e7ant un enseignant devant un tableau face cam\u00e9ra, c\u2019est m\u00e9conna\u00eetre toutes les avanc\u00e9es du e-learning et des p\u00e9dagogies actives depuis, mais c\u2019est reconna\u00eetre \u00e0 quel point nos enseignants sont peu form\u00e9s\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Enseignement \u00e0 distance&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Enseignement \u00e0 distance","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/category\/didactique\/enseignement-a-distance\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/img_8926.jpg?fit=926%2C604&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/img_8926.jpg?fit=926%2C604&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/img_8926.jpg?fit=926%2C604&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/img_8926.jpg?fit=926%2C604&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":17630,"url":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/2020\/08\/27\/ecole-a-distance-le-defi-de-laccompagnement\/","url_meta":{"origin":17643,"position":3},"title":"Ecole \u00e0 distance, le d\u00e9fi de l\u2019accompagnement","author":"Lyonel Kaufmann","date":"27 ao\u00fbt 2020","format":false,"excerpt":"Le Covid-19 a contraint l'\u00e9cole au t\u00e9l\u00e9-enseignement, soulevant de nombreux enjeux p\u00e9dagogiques pour le futur que \u00abLe Temps\u00bb a explor\u00e9 en cette semaine de rentr\u00e9e scolaire. Ce jeudi 27 ao\u00fbt, l'article s'int\u00e9resse \u00e0 la profusion des outils et plateformes utilis\u00e9es et sur la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 ou non d'une harmonisation de ces\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Enseignement \u00e0 distance&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Enseignement \u00e0 distance","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/category\/didactique\/enseignement-a-distance\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/file7c1ypeq28k813o9q86jn.jpg?fit=900%2C490&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/file7c1ypeq28k813o9q86jn.jpg?fit=900%2C490&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/file7c1ypeq28k813o9q86jn.jpg?fit=900%2C490&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/file7c1ypeq28k813o9q86jn.jpg?fit=900%2C490&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":17437,"url":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/2020\/05\/16\/deconfinement-et-enseignement-a-distance-de-nouveaux-defis-tu-releveras\/","url_meta":{"origin":17643,"position":4},"title":"D\u00e9confinement et enseignement \u00e0 distance: de nouveaux d\u00e9fis, tu rel\u00e8veras","author":"Lyonel Kaufmann","date":"16 mai 2020","format":false,"excerpt":"\u00ab Je n'ai plus peur du dimanche soir \u00bb (Grand Corps Malade, Dimanche soir, album Plan B) Alors que nous allons progressivement sortir du confinement pour nous retrouver dans diff\u00e9rentes formes de d\u00e9confinement ou de semi-confinement , il est important, \u00e0 mon avis, de me\/nous projeter dans le futur proche\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Enseignement \u00e0 distance&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Enseignement \u00e0 distance","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/category\/didactique\/enseignement-a-distance\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/kristopher-roller-rgrZVTjuuPw-unsplash.jpg?fit=640%2C426&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/kristopher-roller-rgrZVTjuuPw-unsplash.jpg?fit=640%2C426&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/kristopher-roller-rgrZVTjuuPw-unsplash.jpg?fit=640%2C426&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x"},"classes":[]},{"id":18259,"url":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/2021\/03\/04\/ludoviach-21-cest-reparti-les-30-31-mars-2021\/","url_meta":{"origin":17643,"position":5},"title":"LUDOVIA#CH 21 : C\u2019est (re)parti les 30-31 mars 2021 !","author":"Lyonel Kaufmann","date":"4 mars 2021","format":false,"excerpt":"Le th\u00e8me de cette troisi\u00e8me \u00e9dition est\u00a0\u00ab\u00a0Jouer collectif pour se former et innover ?\u00a0Num\u00e9rique et communaut\u00e9s d\u2019enseignant\u2022es\u00a0\u00bb. Pour cette \u00e9dition de LUDOVIA#CH 21 et en fonction des conditions sanitaires actuelles, nous mettons en place une formule enti\u00e8rement \u00e0 distance les 30 et 31 mars 2021. Dans le cadre de cette\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Humanit\u00e9s Digitales&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Humanit\u00e9s Digitales","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/category\/humanites-digitales\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/48461079096_aa584af704_k-e1678962806152.jpg?fit=720%2C481&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/48461079096_aa584af704_k-e1678962806152.jpg?fit=720%2C481&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/48461079096_aa584af704_k-e1678962806152.jpg?fit=720%2C481&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/48461079096_aa584af704_k-e1678962806152.jpg?fit=720%2C481&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17643","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=17643"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17643\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/17644"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=17643"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=17643"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=17643"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}