{"id":19978,"date":"2024-04-30T14:33:19","date_gmt":"2024-04-30T13:33:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/?p=19978"},"modified":"2024-04-30T14:34:09","modified_gmt":"2024-04-30T13:34:09","slug":"lhistorienne-de-la-technologie-margaret-omara-comparelindustrie-de-lia-daujourdhui-est-elle-la-grande-entreprise-des-peaux-de-castors-du-xixe-siecle","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/2024\/04\/30\/lhistorienne-de-la-technologie-margaret-omara-comparelindustrie-de-lia-daujourdhui-est-elle-la-grande-entreprise-des-peaux-de-castors-du-xixe-siecle\/","title":{"rendered":"L\u2019industrie de l\u2019IA d\u2019aujourd\u2019hui est-elle la grande entreprise des peaux de castors du XIXe si\u00e8cle ?\u2029"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

L\u2019historienne de la technologie Margaret O\u2019Mara compare l\u2019industrie de l\u2019IA d\u2019aujourd\u2019hui \u00e0 la grande entreprise des peaux de castor.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/a>
Atelier de teinture des peaux pour la pr\u00e9paration du maroquin. Source : https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/fdctsevilla\/4726549905\/<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

Au XIXe si\u00e8cle, une abondance de castors errait en Am\u00e9rique du Nord, si nombreuses que la demande de chapeaux de forme pour hommes a entra\u00een\u00e9 une vaste entreprise de pi\u00e9geage pendant des d\u00e9cennies, jusqu\u2019\u00e0 ce que les castors soient presque \u00e9teints. Ensuite, les fabricants de chapeaux ont compris comment travailler avec de la soie \u00e0 la place, ce qu\u2019ils auraient pu faire depuis le d\u00e9but.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cJ\u2019obtiens une ambiance de chapeau de fourrure de castor dans certaines des conversations sur l\u2019IA maintenant\u201d, a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 O\u2019Mara \u00e0 la journaliste technologique Caitlin Dewey. \u201cCes entreprises ont tellement de ressources : tant d\u2019argent, tant de talent, tous ces centres de donn\u00e9es massifs, la capacit\u00e9 de cr\u00e9er des mod\u00e8les incroyablement puissants. Et c\u2019est ainsi qu\u2019ils cr\u00e9ent ces mod\u00e8les, et le march\u00e9 se d\u00e9veloppe pour les rencontrer.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cMais il n\u2019est pas toujours \u00e9vident si nous avons vraiment besoin de cette technologie, dans tous les cas, ou si quelqu\u2019un pose ces questions.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Source : https:\/\/www.axios.com\/2024\/04\/24\/generative-ai-why-future-uses<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

L\u2019historienne de la technologie Margaret O\u2019Mara compare l\u2019industrie de l\u2019IA d\u2019aujourd\u2019hui \u00e0 la grande entreprise des peaux de castor. Au XIXe si\u00e8cle, une abondance de castors errait en Am\u00e9rique du Nord, si nombreuses que la demande de chapeaux de forme pour hommes a entra\u00een\u00e9 une vaste entreprise de pi\u00e9geage pendant des d\u00e9cennies, jusqu\u2019\u00e0 ce que […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":19979,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_import_markdown_pro_load_document_selector":0,"_import_markdown_pro_submit_text_textarea":"","_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[888,802,13],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-19978","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-ednum","8":"category-humanites-digitales","9":"category-opinionsreflexions","10":"entry"},"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"featured_image_src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/4726549905_923b944699_c.jpg?resize=600%2C400&ssl=1","featured_image_src_square":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/4726549905_923b944699_c.jpg?resize=600%2C558&ssl=1","author_info":{"display_name":"Lyonel Kaufmann","author_link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/author\/lyonelk\/"},"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/4726549905_923b944699_c.jpg?fit=799%2C558&ssl=1","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p1rJVM-5ce","jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":16959,"url":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/2020\/01\/21\/un-tribunal-chinois-accepte-quune-creation-dune-ia-soit-couverte-par-le-droit-dauteur-numerama\/","url_meta":{"origin":19978,"position":0},"title":"Un tribunal chinois accepte qu’une cr\u00e9ation d’une IA soit couverte par le droit d’auteur – Numerama","author":"Lyonel Kaufmann","date":"21 janvier 2020","format":false,"excerpt":"Historique ? Cette semaine, nous avons vu passer une d\u00e9cision de justice qui pourrait bien \u00eatre l\u2019une des plus importantes de ce d\u00e9but de XXI\u00e8me si\u00e8cle. Pour la premi\u00e8re fois au monde, un tribunal a estim\u00e9 qu\u2019une cr\u00e9ation produite par une intelligence artificielle pouvait \u00eatre prot\u00e9g\u00e9e par un droit d\u2019auteur.\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans "M\u00e9dias et technologies"","block_context":{"text":"M\u00e9dias et technologies","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/category\/medias-et-technologies\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/artificial-intelligence-2228610_1280.jpg?fit=1200%2C750&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/artificial-intelligence-2228610_1280.jpg?fit=1200%2C750&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/artificial-intelligence-2228610_1280.jpg?fit=1200%2C750&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/artificial-intelligence-2228610_1280.jpg?fit=1200%2C750&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/artificial-intelligence-2228610_1280.jpg?fit=1200%2C750&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":289,"url":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/2008\/02\/22\/nicolas-sarkozy-et-lecole-le-retour-au-phonographe-a-grand-papa\/","url_meta":{"origin":19978,"position":1},"title":"Nicolas Sarkozy et l'\u00e9cole : le retour au phonographe \u00e0 grand-papa","author":"Lyonel Kaufmann","date":"22 f\u00e9vrier 2008","format":false,"excerpt":"Moi aussi j'ai ma phase \u00abretour en marche arri\u00e8re\u00bb. J'ai remont\u00e9 mon tourne-disque, ouvert l'armoire aux 33tours, sorti Rod Stewart, Styx, Stevie Winwoods, Fleetwood Mac, Average White Band et Sea Level. Effet de l'\u00e2ge? volont\u00e9 de remonter le temps alors que celui devant moi diminue in\u00e9xorablement? \u00eatre et avoir \u00e9t\u00e9?\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans "Opinions&R\u00e9flexions"","block_context":{"text":"Opinions&R\u00e9flexions","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/category\/didactique\/opinionsreflexions\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":15530,"url":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/2018\/12\/15\/quand-les-algorithmes-tournent-mal-nous-avons-besoin-de-plus-de-pouvoir-pour-nous-defendre-disent-les-chercheurs-de-lia\/","url_meta":{"origin":19978,"position":2},"title":"Quand les algorithmes tournent mal, nous avons besoin de plus de pouvoir pour nous d\u00e9fendre, disent les chercheurs de l’IA","author":"Lyonel Kaufmann","date":"15 d\u00e9cembre 2018","format":false,"excerpt":"Le public ne dispose pas des outils n\u00e9cessaires pour tenir les algorithmes responsables. Les gouvernements et les entreprises priv\u00e9es d\u00e9ploient des syst\u00e8mes d'IA \u00e0 un rythme rapide, mais le public n'a pas les outils n\u00e9cessaires pour tenir ces syst\u00e8mes responsables lorsqu'ils \u00e9chouent. C'est l'une des principales conclusions d'un nouveau rapport\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans "Humanit\u00e9s Digitales"","block_context":{"text":"Humanit\u00e9s Digitales","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/category\/humanites-digitales\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/8DB544A9-09F6-414D-B363-DEB53735FD51.cba8ae40939f4e8593ec738b8cdaec95.jpeg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/8DB544A9-09F6-414D-B363-DEB53735FD51.cba8ae40939f4e8593ec738b8cdaec95.jpeg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/8DB544A9-09F6-414D-B363-DEB53735FD51.cba8ae40939f4e8593ec738b8cdaec95.jpeg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/8DB544A9-09F6-414D-B363-DEB53735FD51.cba8ae40939f4e8593ec738b8cdaec95.jpeg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/8DB544A9-09F6-414D-B363-DEB53735FD51.cba8ae40939f4e8593ec738b8cdaec95.jpeg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":14008,"url":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/2018\/04\/07\/comment-les-eglises-medievales-ont-elles-ete-touchees-par-le-tremblement-de-terre-de-2016-en-ombrie\/","url_meta":{"origin":19978,"position":3},"title":"Comment les \u00e9glises m\u00e9di\u00e9vales ont-elles \u00e9t\u00e9 touch\u00e9es par le tremblement de terre de 2016 en Ombrie ?","author":"Lyonel Kaufmann","date":"7 avril 2018","format":false,"excerpt":"En 2016, les tremblements de terre dans la r\u00e9gion italienne de l'Ombrie ont provoqu\u00e9 l'effondrement de plusieurs \u00e9glises m\u00e9di\u00e9vales, entra\u00eenant la destruction du patrimoine architectural et culturel local. L'article r\u00e9cent,' Analysis of the collapse mechanisms of medieval churches struck by the 2016 Umbrian earthquake' par l'\u00e9quipe de recherche Antonio Borri,\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans "Nouvelles de l'histoire"","block_context":{"text":"Nouvelles de l'histoire","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/category\/nouvelles-de-lhistoire\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/04\/F9948E9B-BF9B-4AAA-93A2-CC75EDDE0AAB.7cdd7737b5894c5c99c6460f5d7c7e26.jpeg?fit=738%2C462&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/04\/F9948E9B-BF9B-4AAA-93A2-CC75EDDE0AAB.7cdd7737b5894c5c99c6460f5d7c7e26.jpeg?fit=738%2C462&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/04\/F9948E9B-BF9B-4AAA-93A2-CC75EDDE0AAB.7cdd7737b5894c5c99c6460f5d7c7e26.jpeg?fit=738%2C462&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/04\/F9948E9B-BF9B-4AAA-93A2-CC75EDDE0AAB.7cdd7737b5894c5c99c6460f5d7c7e26.jpeg?fit=738%2C462&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":13276,"url":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/2017\/09\/02\/le-quebec-et-lindustrie-du-jeu-video-lexemple-dubisoft\/","url_meta":{"origin":19978,"position":4},"title":"Le Qu\u00e9bec et l\u2019industrie du jeu vid\u00e9o : l\u2019exemple d\u2019Ubisoft","author":"Lyonel Kaufmann","date":"2 septembre 2017","format":false,"excerpt":"L\u2019annonce vendredi par Ubisoft de son plus important plan de croissance au Qu\u00e9bec en 20 ans permet de le remettre en contexte par rapport au d\u00e9veloppement de l\u2019industrie du jeu vid\u00e9o au Qu\u00e9bec, l\u2019importance des revenus g\u00e9n\u00e9r\u00e9s par cette industrie, la place et le r\u00f4le des soutiens gouvernementaux \u00e0 la\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans "M\u00e9dias et technologies"","block_context":{"text":"M\u00e9dias et technologies","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/category\/medias-et-technologies\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/765765C3-E632-42E5-B07F-DD38F03D4886.jpg?fit=500%2C281&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":12786,"url":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/2017\/02\/12\/des-incroyables-cartes-et-infographies-du-xixe-siecle\/","url_meta":{"origin":19978,"position":5},"title":"Des incroyables cartes et infographies du XIXe si\u00e8cle","author":"Lyonel Kaufmann","date":"12 f\u00e9vrier 2017","format":false,"excerpt":"Entre 1849 et 1851, l\u2019illustrateur topographique et graveur Emslie et l\u2019\u00e9diteur Reynolds con\u00e7urent des diagrammes scientifiques repr\u00e9sentant dans un grand livre de douze pages intitul\u00e9 Geological Diagrams. A l\u2019\u00e9poque, les illustrateurs et cartographes contribuaient beaucoup au d\u00e9veloppement de l\u2019accessibilit\u00e9 et de la visibilit\u00e9 de la recherche scientifique en cr\u00e9ant des\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans "Publications"","block_context":{"text":"Publications","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/category\/didactique\/publications\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/Image-12.02.17-20-42.82c82788fde043b7a3d2809a64fe2aa0.jpeg?fit=1090%2C898&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/Image-12.02.17-20-42.82c82788fde043b7a3d2809a64fe2aa0.jpeg?fit=1090%2C898&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/Image-12.02.17-20-42.82c82788fde043b7a3d2809a64fe2aa0.jpeg?fit=1090%2C898&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/Image-12.02.17-20-42.82c82788fde043b7a3d2809a64fe2aa0.jpeg?fit=1090%2C898&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/Image-12.02.17-20-42.82c82788fde043b7a3d2809a64fe2aa0.jpeg?fit=1090%2C898&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19978","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=19978"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19978\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/19979"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=19978"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=19978"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=19978"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}