{"id":212,"date":"2007-07-29T09:57:44","date_gmt":"2007-07-29T08:57:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/2007\/07\/29\/liberty-equality-fraternity\/"},"modified":"2007-07-29T09:57:44","modified_gmt":"2007-07-29T08:57:44","slug":"liberty-equality-fraternity","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/2007\/07\/29\/liberty-equality-fraternity\/","title":{"rendered":"Liberty, Equality, Fraternity"},"content":{"rendered":"<p align=\"center\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/chnm.gmu.edu\/revolution\/imaging\/images\/28.jpg\" alt=\"La Bastille dans les pr\u00e9miers jours de sa demolition.\" \/><br \/><i>\u00ab\u00a0La Bastille dans let premiers jours de sa d\u00e9molition, le 20 julliet 1789\u00a0\u00bb <\/i><br \/>\nSource: \u00a9 Phototh\u00e8que des Mus\u00e9es de la Ville de Paris\/Joffre\/Degraces \u00ab\u00a0La Bastille dans let premiers jours de sa d\u00e9molition, le 20 julliet 1789\u00a0\u00bb (Ref. 9 CAR 1493). Huile sur toile (77&#215;114 cm)<\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\">Le site am\u00e9ricain <a href=\"http:\/\/chnm.gmu.edu\/revolution\/\">Liberty, Equality, Fraternity<\/a>  propose un ensemble de m\u00e9dias fort int\u00e9ressants (images, textes, cartes, chansons, frise chronologique) en lien avec la R\u00e9volution fran\u00e7aise. Au total, le site regroupe plus de 600 sources (documents primaires) en collaboration avec le <i><a href=\"http:\/\/chnm.gmu.edu\">Center for History and New Media (George Mason University)<\/a><\/i> et  l&rsquo;<i><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ashp.cuny.edu\/\">American Social History Project <\/a>(City University of New York)<\/i>, avec le soutien de la <i>the Florence Gould Foundation<\/i> et du <i><a href=\"http:\/\/www.neh.gov\/\">National Endowment for the Humanities<\/a><\/i>.<br \/>\nPour replacer ces images dans le contexte r\u00e9volutionnaire, douze th\u00e8mes sont pr\u00e9sent\u00e9s et d\u00e9velopp\u00e9s tel les causes sociales de la R\u00e9volution, les femmes et la r\u00e9volution, les chants r\u00e9volutionnaires, l&rsquo;h\u00e9ritage r\u00e9volutionnaire ou la guerre, la terreur et la r\u00e9sistance \u00e0 la r\u00e9volution.<br \/>\nLes textes, cartes et chansons sont en anglais et pourraient \u00eatre utilis\u00e9s pour un enseignement bilingue ou en lien avec un enseignement en anglais. Pour les images, elles forment <a href=\"http:\/\/chnm.gmu.edu\/revolution\/browse\/images\/\" target=\"_blank\">un ensemble de 245 images<\/a>, pr\u00e9sent\u00e9 ainsi par le site:<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p align=\"justify\"><i>\u00ab\u00a0Below you can browse through a list of 245 images included in Liberty, Equality, and Fraternity. The largest number are political cartoons. But we also include paintings and images of artifacts such as fans and buttons. The images are drawn from many repositories, but particularly from the Museum of the French Revolution in Vizille in southwest France and Olin Library at Cornell University. An essay on how to read images provides useful background\u00a0\u00bb.<\/i><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<div align=\"justify\">De plus, le site propose <a href=\"http:\/\/chnm.gmu.edu\/revolution\/imaging\/essays.html\">un ensemble int\u00e9ressant d&rsquo;essais<\/a> ( au format .pdf) sur la r\u00e9volution fran\u00e7aise et les images. Les essais couvrent des th\u00e8mes que la violence r\u00e9volutionnaire ou la repr\u00e9sentation des femmes dans les foules r\u00e9volutionnaires.<\/p>\n<p>Dans une perspective p\u00e9dagogique, le site propose aussi tout un travail sur <i>\u00ab\u00a0Comment regarder les images\u00a0\u00bb<\/i> (\u00ab\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/chnm.gmu.edu\/revolution\/chap12a.html\">How to read images<\/a>\u00ab\u00a0) qui int\u00e9ressera les enseignant-e-s et leurs \u00e9l\u00e8ves. Ainsi \u00e0 la deuxi\u00e8me page de ce travail, l&rsquo;auteur aborde la question suivante : <i>\u00abHow could an engraver or a painter make the viewer realize that a particular event had a specifically revolutionary character?\u00bb<\/i> (<i>Comment un graveur ou un peintre peut-il amener le spectateur qu&rsquo;un \u00e9v\u00e9nement particulier a des caract\u00e9ristiques r\u00e9volutionnaires?<\/i>). En outre, pour faciliter le travail des enseignant-e-s et des \u00e9l\u00e8ves, un choix a \u00e9t\u00e9 effectu\u00e9 relativement aux images pour en pr\u00e9-s\u00e9lectionner plus particuli\u00e8rement quarante-deux <a href=\"http:\/\/chnm.gmu.edu\/revolution\/imaging\/\">(Imaging the French Revolution<\/a>).<br \/>\nA ce sujet, il est \u00e0 noter que c&rsquo;est essentiellement la face violence jumel\u00e9e \u00e0 celle de la remise en cause de l&rsquo;ordre social (ex\u00e9cution du roi ou de Marie-Antoinette) qui sont mises en avant :\u00a0\u00bb(On lira avec int\u00e9r\u00eat l&rsquo;article de Casey Harison <a href=\"http:\/\/www.historycooperative.org\/journals\/ht\/38.3\/harison.html#REF23\">The French Revolution on Film: American and French Perspectives<\/a> dans \u00abthe History Teacher.\u00bb)\u00a0\u00bb: En cela, le dossier se rapproche quelque peu de la vision \u00ab\u00a0burkienne\u00a0\u00bb (et donc r\u00e9actionnaire) de la r\u00e9volution fran\u00e7aise [Edmund Burke (1790). <a href=\"http:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/R%C3%A9flexions_sur_la_R%C3%A9volution_de_France\"><i>R\u00e9flexions sur la R\u00e9volution de France<\/i><\/a>] A moins que cela soit une mani\u00e8re de mettre en \u00e9vidence la diff\u00e9rence fondamentale entre la guerre d&rsquo;Ind\u00e9pendance des Etats-Unis et la R\u00e9volution fran\u00e7aise. En effet, pour Howard Zinn, alors que la r\u00e9volution fran\u00e7aise est une r\u00e9volution populaire remettant en cause l&rsquo;ordre social \u00e9tabli, l&rsquo;Ind\u00e9pendance des Etats-Unis est un mouvement ind\u00e9pendantiste conduit par des aristocrates fortun\u00e9s (Blancs, anglo-saxons, fortun\u00e9s et conservateurs), cherchant \u00e0 maintenir ses privil\u00e8ges et sa domination sur les autres composantes sociales (classes populaires, Noirs, Indiens\u2026). [Zinn H. (2004). <i>Une histoire populaire des Etats-Unis. De 1492 \u00e0 nos jours.<\/i> Paris: Editions AGONE, 812 pages]<\/p>\n<p>D&rsquo;un point de vue didactique, cet ensemble de sources historiques s&rsquo;int\u00e8gre \u00e0 une d\u00e9marche didactique et p\u00e9dagogique permettant aux \u00e9l\u00e8ves de construire leur connaissance et compr\u00e9hension historique \u00e0 l&rsquo;aide de sources \u00e0 l&rsquo;image de l&rsquo;historien. Un des chevaux de bataille d&rsquo;une partie des didacticiens en histoire am\u00e9ricain.<\/p>\n<p>Mes remerciements vont au site <a href=\"http:\/\/revolution-francaise.net\/2007\/07\/28\/133-liberty-egality-fraternity\">revolutionfrancaise.net<\/a> pour m&rsquo;avoir fait d\u00e9couvrir ce site.<\/div><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00ab\u00a0La Bastille dans let premiers jours de sa d\u00e9molition, le 20 julliet 1789\u00a0\u00bb Source: \u00a9 Phototh\u00e8que des Mus\u00e9es de la Ville de Paris\/Joffre\/Degraces \u00ab\u00a0La Bastille dans let premiers jours de sa d\u00e9molition, le 20 julliet 1789\u00a0\u00bb (Ref. 9 CAR 1493). Huile sur toile (77&#215;114 cm) Le site am\u00e9ricain Liberty, Equality, Fraternity propose un ensemble de [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":10362,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_import_markdown_pro_load_document_selector":0,"_import_markdown_pro_submit_text_textarea":"","_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[18,8],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-212","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-annuaire-de-sites","8":"category-medias-et-technologies","9":"entry"},"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"featured_image_src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/28.jpg?resize=363%2C262&ssl=1","featured_image_src_square":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/28.jpg?resize=363%2C262&ssl=1","author_info":{"display_name":"Lyonel Kaufmann","author_link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/author\/lyonelk\/"},"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/28.jpg?fit=363%2C262&ssl=1","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p1rJVM-3q","jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":12520,"url":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/2016\/12\/17\/doit-on-encore-enseigner-la-prise-de-la-bastille-a-nos-eleves\/","url_meta":{"origin":212,"position":0},"title":"Doit-on encore enseigner la prise de la Bastille \u00e0 nos \u00e9l\u00e8ves ?","author":"Lyonel Kaufmann","date":"17 d\u00e9cembre 2016","format":false,"excerpt":"En s'interrogeant sur le droit et la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 \u00e0 l'\u00e9tude de la prise de la Bastille, Olivier Ritz nous interroge \u00e9galement concernant les pratiques scolaires relatives \u00e0 cet \u00e9v\u00e9nement et offre des pistes int\u00e9ressantes pour l'enseignement de l'histoire avec le PER en Suisse romande aux cycles 2 et 3. Dans\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Didactique&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Didactique","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/category\/didactique\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/demolition-bastille-1200x828.jpeg?fit=1200%2C828&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/demolition-bastille-1200x828.jpeg?fit=1200%2C828&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/demolition-bastille-1200x828.jpeg?fit=1200%2C828&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/demolition-bastille-1200x828.jpeg?fit=1200%2C828&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/demolition-bastille-1200x828.jpeg?fit=1200%2C828&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":2597,"url":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/2010\/02\/25\/links-for-2010-02-24\/","url_meta":{"origin":212,"position":1},"title":"Essays on History and New Media &#124; Center for History and New Media","author":"Lyonel Kaufmann","date":"25 f\u00e9vrier 2010","format":false,"excerpt":"Essays on History and New Media |\u00a0Center for History and New Media Cette page du \u00abCenter for History and New Media\u00bb regroupe une s\u00e9rie d'articles consacr\u00e9s aux aspects th\u00e9oriques et pratiques de l'histoire \u00e0 l'\u00e8re digitale. Les articles ont \u00e9t\u00e9 publi\u00e9s de 1995 \u00e0 2009. Le premier article recens\u00e9 de\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Annuaire de sites&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Annuaire de sites","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/category\/medias-et-technologies\/annuaire-de-sites\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":16279,"url":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/2019\/08\/18\/sur-la-route-de-ludovia16-la-bastille-grenoble\/","url_meta":{"origin":212,"position":2},"title":"Sur la route de Ludovia#16 : La Bastille | Grenoble","author":"Lyonel Kaufmann","date":"18 ao\u00fbt 2019","format":false,"excerpt":"En ce samedi 17 ao\u00fbt, c'est ma quatri\u00e8me halte \u00e0 Grenoble, la troisi\u00e8me dans le cadre d'un d\u00e9placement sur Ludovia, la premi\u00e8re dans le sens de la descente. A cette occasion, je d\u00e9couvre le site de la Bastille \u00e0 Grenoble. Chouette d\u00e9couverte. Si la journ\u00e9e est consacr\u00e9e au d\u00e9placement \u00e0\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Ludovia&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Ludovia","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/category\/medias-et-technologies\/ludovia-2010\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/dsc07227.jpg?fit=1200%2C802&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/dsc07227.jpg?fit=1200%2C802&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/dsc07227.jpg?fit=1200%2C802&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/dsc07227.jpg?fit=1200%2C802&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/dsc07227.jpg?fit=1200%2C802&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":6679,"url":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/2013\/01\/01\/1er-janvier-2013-150-ans-de-la-proclamation-de-lincoln-abolissant-lesclavage\/","url_meta":{"origin":212,"position":3},"title":"1er janvier 2013 : 150 ans de la proclamation de Lincoln abolissant l&#039;esclavage","author":"Lyonel Kaufmann","date":"1 janvier 2013","format":false,"excerpt":"Alors que Barack Obama se bat contre le mur budg\u00e9taire et les R\u00e9publicains, nous f\u00eaterons ce 1er janvier 2013, les 150 ans de la proclamation de Lincoln abolissant l'esclavage. Si loin et au proche \u00e0 la fois, on peut mesurer le chemin parcouru. Et relire les r\u00e9actions des journaux am\u00e9ricains\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Nouvelles de l'histoire&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Nouvelles de l'histoire","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/category\/nouvelles-de-lhistoire\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/Emancipation_proclamation.jpg?fit=450%2C300&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":656,"url":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/2008\/12\/09\/lets-consider-how-ludicrous-this-situation-has-become-do-the-same-historians-who-reject\/","url_meta":{"origin":212,"position":4},"title":"&quot;Let\u2019s consider how ludicrous this situation has become. Do the same historians who reject&#8230;&quot;","author":"Lyonel Kaufmann","date":"9 d\u00e9cembre 2008","format":false,"excerpt":"\u201cLet\u2019s consider how ludicrous this situation has become. Do the same historians who...","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Nouvelles de l'histoire&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Nouvelles de l'histoire","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/category\/nouvelles-de-lhistoire\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":4609,"url":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/2009\/05\/09\/pour-lauteur-de-la-peur-en-occident-sommes-nous\/","url_meta":{"origin":212,"position":5},"title":"Un entretien avec Jean Delumeau, historien, professeur honoraire au Coll\u00e8ge de France, qui publie la Peur en Occident. Crise \u00e9conomique, menace de pand\u00e9mie\u2026 depuis 2001, notre actualit\u00e9 est domin\u00e9e par la notion de danger.\n\nLa mondialisation de la peur","author":"Lyonel Kaufmann","date":"9 mai 2009","format":"quote","excerpt":"Pour l\u2019auteur de la Peur en Occident, sommes-nous \u00e0 nouveau confront\u00e9s \u00e0 de \u00ab\u00a0grandes peurs\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0?\u00a0 Jean Delumeau\u00a0: Je ne dirais pas que nous assistons au retour des \u00ab\u00a0grandes peurs\u00a0\u00bb. D\u2019abord, parce que cette expression a une signification historique pr\u00e9cise. Elle fait r\u00e9f\u00e9rence \u00e0 ce qu\u2019on a appel\u00e9 la \u00ab\u00a0grande peur\u00a0\u00bb\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Nouvelles de l'histoire&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Nouvelles de l'histoire","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/category\/nouvelles-de-lhistoire\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/212","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=212"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/212\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/10362"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=212"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=212"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=212"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}