{"id":4551,"date":"2010-04-22T02:16:13","date_gmt":"2010-04-22T00:16:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/2010\/04\/22\/letat-actuel-de-la-civilisation-en-europe-est\/"},"modified":"2010-04-22T02:16:13","modified_gmt":"2010-04-22T00:16:13","slug":"letat-actuel-de-la-civilisation-en-europe-est","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/2010\/04\/22\/letat-actuel-de-la-civilisation-en-europe-est\/","title":{"rendered":"Thomas Paine, La justice agraire oppos\u00e9e \u00e0 la loi et monopole  agraire, ou plan d&#8217;am\u00e9lioration du sort des hommes, Paris, an V  (1797),  p.20\nL&#8217;Europe peut-elle \u00eatre dite &#8220;civilis\u00e9e&#8221;&#160;? &#8211; R\u00e9volution Fran\u00e7aise"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>L&#8217;\u00e9tat actuel de la civilisation en Europe est aussi injuste dans ses principes, qu&#8217;odieux dans ses cons\u00e9quences&#160;: on en est g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement convaincu, et c&#8217;est ce sentiment intime qui fait craindre les progr\u00e8s des lumi\u00e8res, et qui fait trembler les possesseurs des propri\u00e9t\u00e9s \u00e0 la seule id\u00e9e d&#8217;une r\u00e9volution&#160;; [\u2026]. Lorsque la richesse et l&#8217;\u00e9clat, au lieu de fasciner les yeux de la multitude, ne lui inspirent qu&#8217;un d\u00e9go\u00fbt repoussant&#160;; lorsqu&#8217;au lieu d&#8217;exciter l&#8217;admiration, ils sont regard\u00e9s comme une insulte faite \u00e0 la mis\u00e8re&#160;; lorsque les dehors \u00e9blouissants de l&#8217;opulence, ne servent qu&#8217;\u00e0 faire mettre en question la l\u00e9gitimit\u00e9 de son origine, le sort de la propri\u00e9t\u00e9 devient tr\u00e8s incertain&#160;; [\u2026] &#8220;.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>L&#8217;\u00e9tat actuel de la civilisation en Europe est aussi injuste dans ses principes, qu&#8217;odieux dans ses cons\u00e9quences&#160;: on en est g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement convaincu, et c&#8217;est ce sentiment intime qui fait craindre les progr\u00e8s des lumi\u00e8res, et qui fait trembler les possesseurs des propri\u00e9t\u00e9s \u00e0 la seule id\u00e9e d&#8217;une r\u00e9volution&#160;; [\u2026]. Lorsque la richesse et l&#8217;\u00e9clat, au [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":9896,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"quote","meta":{"_import_markdown_pro_load_document_selector":0,"_import_markdown_pro_submit_text_textarea":"","_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-4551","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-quote","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-nouvelles-de-lhistoire","8":"post_format-post-format-quote","9":"entry"},"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"featured_image_src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/06\/signature_lk2.jpg?resize=600%2C184&ssl=1","featured_image_src_square":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/06\/signature_lk2.jpg?resize=600%2C184&ssl=1","author_info":{"display_name":"Lyonel Kaufmann","author_link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/author\/lyonelk\/"},"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/06\/signature_lk2.jpg?fit=658%2C184&ssl=1","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p1rJVM-1bp","jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":173,"url":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/2007\/02\/08\/publications-recentes\/","url_meta":{"origin":4551,"position":0},"title":"Publications r\u00e9centes","author":"Lyonel Kaufmann","date":"8 f\u00e9vrier 2007","format":false,"excerpt":"Dieu versus Darwin : les cr\u00e9ationnistes vont-ils triompher de la science ? de Jacques Arnould, Albin Michel, 318 pages A lire devant les d\u00e9lires cr\u00e9ationnistes (qui n'ont rien \u00e0 voir avec la foi).A lire par tout enseignant-e de CYP2 ou de CYT en histoire ou en science. Un jour o\u00f9\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Histoire savante&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Histoire savante","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/category\/didactique\/histoire-savante\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"\"Dieu versus Darwin. Les cr\u00e9ationnistes vont-ils triompher de la science ?\", de Jacques Arnould. Albin Michel, 318 pages, 20\u20ac. | DR.","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/medias.lemonde.fr\/mmpub\/edt\/ill\/2007\/01\/08\/v_6_ill_852853_dieuversusdarwin_.jpg?resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":4575,"url":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/2009\/10\/22\/lexposition-de-photographies-provenant-de-la\/","url_meta":{"origin":4551,"position":1},"title":"L\u2018exposition de photographies provenant de la collection Herzog, pr\u00e9sent\u00e9e au Mus\u00e9e national de Zuri","author":"Lyonel Kaufmann","date":"22 octobre 2009","format":"image","excerpt":"L\u2018exposition de photographies provenant de la collection Herzog, pr\u00e9sent\u00e9e au Mus\u00e9e national de Zurich, documente la naissance de la Suisse moderne. Un choix de photographies rares raconte l\u2018histoire de la Suisse sur un si\u00e8cle entier.Le d\u00e9veloppement d\u2018un pays agraire en une soci\u00e9t\u00e9 de services y est illustr\u00e9, sous de multiples\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Nouvelles de l'histoire&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Nouvelles de l'histoire","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/category\/nouvelles-de-lhistoire\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":12520,"url":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/2016\/12\/17\/doit-on-encore-enseigner-la-prise-de-la-bastille-a-nos-eleves\/","url_meta":{"origin":4551,"position":2},"title":"Doit-on encore enseigner la prise de la Bastille \u00e0 nos \u00e9l\u00e8ves ?","author":"Lyonel Kaufmann","date":"17 d\u00e9cembre 2016","format":false,"excerpt":"En s'interrogeant sur le droit et la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 \u00e0 l'\u00e9tude de la prise de la Bastille, Olivier Ritz nous interroge \u00e9galement concernant les pratiques scolaires relatives \u00e0 cet \u00e9v\u00e9nement et offre des pistes int\u00e9ressantes pour l'enseignement de l'histoire avec le PER en Suisse romande aux cycles 2 et 3. Dans\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Didactique&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Didactique","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/category\/didactique\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/demolition-bastille-1200x828.jpeg?fit=1200%2C828&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/demolition-bastille-1200x828.jpeg?fit=1200%2C828&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/demolition-bastille-1200x828.jpeg?fit=1200%2C828&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/demolition-bastille-1200x828.jpeg?fit=1200%2C828&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/demolition-bastille-1200x828.jpeg?fit=1200%2C828&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":4583,"url":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/2009\/09\/10\/dune-guerre-europeenne-peut-jaillir-la\/","url_meta":{"origin":4551,"position":3},"title":"Jean Jaur\u00e8s, L&#8217;Humanit\u00e9, 9 juillet 1905\nJean Jaur\u00e8s, le pugiliste sanguin du socialisme &#124; Mediapart","author":"Lyonel Kaufmann","date":"10 septembre 2009","format":"quote","excerpt":"\u00abD\u2019une guerre europ\u00e9enne peut jaillir la r\u00e9volution, et les classes dirigeantes feront bien d\u2019y songer; mais il en peut sortir aussi, pour une longue p\u00e9riode, des crises de contre-r\u00e9volution, de r\u00e9action furieuse, de nationalisme exasp\u00e9r\u00e9, de dictature \u00e9touffante, de militarisme monstrueux, une longue cha\u00eene de violences r\u00e9trogrades et de haines\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Nouvelles de l'histoire&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Nouvelles de l'histoire","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/category\/nouvelles-de-lhistoire\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":14524,"url":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/2018\/06\/26\/1848-2018-a-la-recherche-des-barricades-oubliees-liberation\/","url_meta":{"origin":4551,"position":4},"title":"1848-2018, \u00e0 la recherche des barricades oubli\u00e9es | Lib\u00e9ration","author":"Lyonel Kaufmann","date":"26 juin 2018","format":false,"excerpt":"En partant de\u00a0daguerr\u00e9otypes pris dans\u00a0la rue du Faubourg-du-Temple, le journal Lib\u00e9ration nous propose un retour sur l\u2019insurrection ouvri\u00e8re de\u00a0juin 1848 \u00e0 Paris. En \u00e9largissant la\u00a0focale, on\u00a0retrouve un\u00a0quartier, ses\u00a0habitants, une\u00a0ambiance. Le chercheur Olivier Ihl avait identifi\u00e9 le\u00a0photographe et\u00a0le\u00a0lieu de la prise de vue, \u00abLib\u00e9\u00bb a\u00a0refait le clich\u00e9 170\u00a0ans plus tard. Que\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Nouvelles de l'histoire&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Nouvelles de l'histoire","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/category\/nouvelles-de-lhistoire\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/1134501-25-juin-1848-jpg.jpg?fit=975%2C750&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/1134501-25-juin-1848-jpg.jpg?fit=975%2C750&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/1134501-25-juin-1848-jpg.jpg?fit=975%2C750&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/1134501-25-juin-1848-jpg.jpg?fit=975%2C750&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":7612,"url":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/2013\/10\/20\/mooc-en-debat-spoc-en-vue\/","url_meta":{"origin":4551,"position":5},"title":"MOOC en d\u00e9bat, SPOC en vue","author":"Lyonel Kaufmann","date":"20 octobre 2013","format":false,"excerpt":"Depuis deux ans, les cours gratuits en ligne ont sembl\u00e9 \u00eatre l\u2019avenir tout trac\u00e9 de l\u2019enseignement sup\u00e9rieur. Et depuis\u00a0presque toutes les grandes universit\u00e9s se sont lanc\u00e9es t\u00eate baiss\u00e9e dans les cours en ligne ouverts et massifs (MOOC\u00a0en anglais pour massive open online courses), les r\u00e9actions sont plus que mitig\u00e9es. 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