{"id":6737,"date":"2013-01-23T14:55:07","date_gmt":"2013-01-23T13:55:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/?p=6737"},"modified":"2013-01-23T14:55:07","modified_gmt":"2013-01-23T13:55:07","slug":"revue-de-presse-le-citoyen-soldat-en-suisse-une-histoire-recente-peter-hug","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/2013\/01\/23\/revue-de-presse-le-citoyen-soldat-en-suisse-une-histoire-recente-peter-hug\/","title":{"rendered":"Revue de presse : Le citoyen soldat en Suisse, une histoire r\u00e9cente &#124; Peter Hug"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Peter Hug : Les racines de l&rsquo;attachement tr\u00e8s profond des Suisses \u00e0 leur fusil s&rsquo;ancrent dans une histoire assez r\u00e9cente. Ce n&rsquo;est que dans la seconde moiti\u00e9 du XIXe si\u00e8cle, et non au Moyen Age, comme le croient certains, qu&rsquo;a commenc\u00e9 \u00e0 s&rsquo;imposer cette culture de l&rsquo;armement. Ses premiers d\u00e9veloppements co\u00efncident avec l&rsquo;adoption, en 1874, d&rsquo;une nouvelle constitution et l&rsquo;instauration du service militaire obligatoire. Les conscrits avaient alors \u00e0 charge de s&rsquo;auto-armer. C&rsquo;est pour les encourager, et parce qu&rsquo;il disposait de moyens limit\u00e9s, que le pouvoir central a raviv\u00e9 des mythes comme celui de Guillaume Tell. Il lui \u00e9tait indispensable de cr\u00e9er une l\u00e9gende pour souder par-del\u00e0 les cantons une nation divis\u00e9e entre catholiques, protestants, ruraux, citadins, de culture fran\u00e7aise, allemande ou italienne. Cette id\u00e9ologie romantique du citoyen soldat, modeste, travailleur et pr\u00eat \u00e0 d\u00e9fendre sa terre contre les envahisseurs s&rsquo;est r\u00e9pandue d&rsquo;autant plus facilement que s&rsquo;affrontaient \u00e0 l&rsquo;\u00e9poque en Europe des pays aux nationalismes exacerb\u00e9s.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/abonnes.lemonde.fr\/europe\/article\/2013\/01\/22\/le-citoyen-soldat-en-suisse-un-mythe-recent_1818745_3214.html\">Le citoyen soldat en Suisse, une histoire r\u00e9cente | Peter Hug<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Peter Hug : Les racines de l&rsquo;attachement tr\u00e8s profond des Suisses \u00e0 leur fusil s&rsquo;ancrent dans une histoire assez r\u00e9cente. Ce n&rsquo;est que dans la seconde moiti\u00e9 du XIXe si\u00e8cle, et non au Moyen Age, comme le croient certains, qu&rsquo;a commenc\u00e9 \u00e0 s&rsquo;imposer cette culture de l&rsquo;armement. Ses premiers d\u00e9veloppements co\u00efncident avec l&rsquo;adoption, en 1874, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":9896,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_import_markdown_pro_load_document_selector":0,"_import_markdown_pro_submit_text_textarea":"","_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[11],"tags":[70,73,334,480,570,636,683],"class_list":{"0":"post-6737","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-nouvelles-de-lhistoire","8":"tag-armee","9":"tag-armes","10":"tag-histoire","11":"tag-milice","12":"tag-politis","13":"tag-revuepresse","14":"tag-suisse","15":"entry"},"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"featured_image_src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/06\/signature_lk2.jpg?resize=600%2C184&ssl=1","featured_image_src_square":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/06\/signature_lk2.jpg?resize=600%2C184&ssl=1","author_info":{"display_name":"Lyonel Kaufmann","author_link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/author\/lyonelk\/"},"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/06\/signature_lk2.jpg?fit=658%2C184&ssl=1","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p1rJVM-1KF","jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":14408,"url":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/2018\/06\/07\/lapplication-whatsapp-a-t-elle-sa-place-dans-les-salles-de-classe\/","url_meta":{"origin":6737,"position":0},"title":"L&rsquo;application Whatsapp a-t-elle sa place dans les salles de classe ?","author":"Lyonel Kaufmann","date":"7 juin 2018","format":false,"excerpt":"Deux articles r\u00e9cents parus dans la presse suisse-al\u00e9manique demande que l\u2019application\u00a0Whatsapp ne soit plus utilis\u00e9e dans les \u00e9coles pour les \u00e9l\u00e8ves de moins de 16 ans. Berner Zeitung \u00ab\u00a0Whatsapp hat in Schulen nichts verloren \u00bb (04.06.2018) Pour Beat W. Zemp, Pr\u00e9sident de l\u2019Association fa\u00eeti\u00e8re des enseignantes et enseignants suisses (LCH),\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;M\u00e9dias et technologies&quot;","block_context":{"text":"M\u00e9dias et technologies","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/category\/medias-et-technologies\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/internet-3113279_1280-1.jpg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/internet-3113279_1280-1.jpg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/internet-3113279_1280-1.jpg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/internet-3113279_1280-1.jpg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/internet-3113279_1280-1.jpg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":15217,"url":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/2018\/11\/14\/publication-la-greve-generale-de-1918-en-suisse-histoire-et-repercussions\/","url_meta":{"origin":6737,"position":1},"title":"Publication : La Gr\u00e8ve g\u00e9n\u00e9rale de 1918 en Suisse. Histoire et r\u00e9percussions","author":"Lyonel Kaufmann","date":"14 novembre 2018","format":false,"excerpt":"Jean-Claude Rennwald, Adrian Zimmermann (dir.), La Gr\u00e8ve g\u00e9n\u00e9rale de 1918 en Suisse. Histoire et r\u00e9percussions, Neuch\u00e2tel, Ed. Livreo-Aphil, 2018, 159 pages Pr\u00e9sentation de l'\u00e9diteur : Pourquoi trois jeunes horlogers sont-ils morts le 14 novembre 1918 \u00e0 Granges ? Ils ont \u00e9t\u00e9 abattus par des balles de l\u2019arm\u00e9e suisse, alors qu\u2019ils\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Histoire savante&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Histoire savante","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/category\/didactique\/histoire-savante\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/48CACC14-B444-4A4C-A52C-21093B08690E.13fd879e94064cda9e00c27fc493d423.jpeg?fit=263%2C420&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":103,"url":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/2006\/07\/25\/les-suisses-et-la-guerre-despagne\/","url_meta":{"origin":6737,"position":2},"title":"Les Suisses et la Guerre d&#039;Espagne (1936-1939)","author":"Lyonel Kaufmann","date":"25 juillet 2006","format":false,"excerpt":"Le 18 juillet 1936 marque le d\u00e9but de la Guerre d'Espagne. Ce jour-l\u00e0, l'arm\u00e9e tente un coup d'Etat; ce dernier \u00e9choue, mais les g\u00e9n\u00e9raux rebelles, parmi lesquels figure le g\u00e9n\u00e9ral Franco, refusent la m\u00e9diation et poursuivent le combat. Pendant trois ans, cette guerre va d\u00e9chirer l'Espagne et co\u00fbter la vie\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Histoire savante&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Histoire savante","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/category\/didactique\/histoire-savante\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":19930,"url":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/2024\/03\/15\/mesures-de-coercition-a-des-fins-dassistance-et-placements-extrafamiliaux-en-suisse-dhs\/","url_meta":{"origin":6737,"position":3},"title":"Mesures de coercition \u00e0 des fins d&rsquo;assistance et placements extrafamiliaux en Suisse | DHS","author":"Lyonel Kaufmann","date":"15 mars 2024","format":false,"excerpt":"La criminalisation des pauvres et des marginaux en Suisse jusqu'\u00e0 une \u00e9poque r\u00e9cente. Repassage dans l\u2019\u00e9tablissement de Hindelbank (BE), vers 1928 (Archiv der Justizvollzugsanstalt Hindelbank). Jusqu'en 1981, des dizaines de milliers d\u2019hommes et de femmes ont \u00e9t\u00e9 plac\u00e9s de force dans des institutions en Suisse sans avoir commis d'infraction. Gr\u00e2ce\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Histoire savante&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Histoire savante","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/category\/didactique\/histoire-savante\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/image.png?fit=974%2C731&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/image.png?fit=974%2C731&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/image.png?fit=974%2C731&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/image.png?fit=974%2C731&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":5976,"url":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/2012\/09\/14\/14-septembre-1515-france-info-a-la-bataille-de-marignan\/","url_meta":{"origin":6737,"position":4},"title":"14 septembre 1515 : un podcast de la bataille de Marignan !","author":"Lyonel Kaufmann","date":"14 septembre 2012","format":false,"excerpt":"Le 11 ao\u00fbt dernier, la chronique historique de France Info ramenait ses auditeurs \u00e0 cette date et cette bataille que des g\u00e9n\u00e9rations d'\u00e9coliers de Suisse comme de France se devaient de retenir.\u00a0Mais la bataille elle-m\u00eame, ses causes et ses cons\u00e9quences, est largement oubli\u00e9e. Mieux vaut ne pas trop poser la\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Didactique&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Didactique","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/category\/didactique\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/hodler1.jpg?fit=530%2C260&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/hodler1.jpg?fit=530%2C260&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/hodler1.jpg?fit=530%2C260&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x"},"classes":[]},{"id":12207,"url":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/2016\/10\/21\/francais-et-suisses-celebrent-500-ans-de-paix-perpetuelle\/","url_meta":{"origin":6737,"position":5},"title":"2016 : Fran\u00e7ais et Suisses c\u00e9l\u00e8brent 500 ans de \u00abPaix perp\u00e9tuelle\u00bb","author":"Lyonel Kaufmann","date":"21 octobre 2016","format":false,"excerpt":"Fran\u00e7ais et Suisses c\u00e9l\u00e8brent 500 ans de \u00abPaix perp\u00e9tuelle\u00bb Pour surmonter le choc de Marignan, les deux pays signaient la paix le 29 novembre 1516 \u00e0 Fribourg. Un trait\u00e9 qui allait structurer la Suisse face \u00e0 son grand voisin. Et lui permettre de constituer une \u00abdiplomatie\u00bb de premier ordre. 1515\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Histoire savante&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Histoire savante","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/category\/didactique\/histoire-savante\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/10\/Image-22.10.16-00-44.jpeg?fit=640%2C426&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/10\/Image-22.10.16-00-44.jpeg?fit=640%2C426&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/10\/Image-22.10.16-00-44.jpeg?fit=640%2C426&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x"},"classes":[]}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6737","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6737"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6737\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9896"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6737"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6737"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6737"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}