{"id":7017,"date":"2013-04-21T19:03:49","date_gmt":"2013-04-21T18:03:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/?p=7017"},"modified":"2013-04-21T19:03:49","modified_gmt":"2013-04-21T18:03:49","slug":"le-mont-rushmore-et-la-revanche-des-sioux-a-la-maison-blanche","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/2013\/04\/21\/le-mont-rushmore-et-la-revanche-des-sioux-a-la-maison-blanche\/","title":{"rendered":"Le Mont Rushmore et la revanche des Sioux &#124; \u00c0 la Maison-Blanche"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>En 1927, \u00e9merge, du granite du mont Rushmore, les visages de quatre des pr\u00e9sidents les plus implacables lors de ce qu\u2019on a appel\u00e9 les \u00ab Guerres Indiennes \u00bb. Pour les si\u00e8cles \u00e0 venir, au c\u0153ur m\u00eame des terres sacr\u00e9es du peuple sioux, les visages de George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, Abraham Lincoln et Th\u00e9odore Roosevelt rappelleront chaque jour aux Indiens le poids de leur d\u00e9route. L\u2019injure faites aux Indiens est d\u2019autant plus am\u00e8re que le sculpteur du mont Rushmore, Gutzon Borglum, \u00e9tait un supr\u00e9matiste blanc affili\u00e9 au Ku Klux Klan.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/usa.hypotheses.org\/1295\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/04\/Sans-titre3.jpg\" alt='Le visage de Crazy Horse, inaugur\u00e9 en 1998' \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Le visage de Crazy Horse, inaugur\u00e9 en 1998<\/p>\n<blockquote><p><em>D\u00e8s lors, les Indiens songent \u00e0 une riposte : \u00e0 un symbole ils r\u00e9pondront par un symbole. Si les c\u00e9l\u00e8bres visages pr\u00e9sidentiels en imposent par leur stature \u2013 ils font 18 m\u00e8tres de haut \u2013 le monument qu\u2019ils allaient \u00e9riger surpasserait Rushmore au point de lui porter ombrage. C\u2019est ainsi que les Sioux allaient inviter un sculpteur natif de Boston et d\u2019origine polonaise, Korczak Ziolkowski, \u00e0 tailler dans une autre montagne des Black Hills, \u00e0 quelques kilom\u00e8tres \u00e0 peine de Rusmore, l\u2019image du grand chef des Lakhotas \u2013 tribu du peuple sioux \u2013 c\u00e9l\u00e8bre et admir\u00e9 pour son courage au combat contre les troupes am\u00e9ricaines : Crazy Horse.<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/usa.hypotheses.org\/1295\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/04\/Sans-titre1.jpg\" alt='Le monument, une fois termin\u00e9' \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Le monument, une fois termin\u00e9<\/p>\n<p>Les travaux ont d\u00e9but\u00e9 en 1948 et devraient se terminer\u2026 d\u2019ici une cinquantaine d\u2019ann\u00e9es. R\u00e9alis\u00e9e sans aide f\u00e9d\u00e9rale et une fois achev\u00e9e, il s\u2019agira de la sculpture la plus imposante du monde. Elle fera 195 m\u00e8tres de long pour 172 m\u00e8tres de haut et, \u00e0 lui seul, le visage de Crazy Horse, inaugur\u00e9 en 1998, mesure 27 m\u00e8tres de haut.<\/p>\n<p>L&rsquo;histoire compl\u00e8te : <a href=\"http:\/\/usa.hypotheses.org\/1295\">La guerre des symboles: Le Mont Rushmore et la revanche des Sioux | \u00c0 la Maison-Blanche<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>En 1927, \u00e9merge, du granite du mont Rushmore, les visages de quatre des pr\u00e9sidents les plus implacables lors de ce qu\u2019on a appel\u00e9 les \u00ab Guerres Indiennes \u00bb. Pour les si\u00e8cles \u00e0 venir, au c\u0153ur m\u00eame des terres sacr\u00e9es du peuple sioux, les visages de George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, Abraham Lincoln et Th\u00e9odore Roosevelt rappelleront [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":10050,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_import_markdown_pro_load_document_selector":0,"_import_markdown_pro_submit_text_textarea":"","_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[4,11,17],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-7017","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-histoire-active","8":"category-nouvelles-de-lhistoire","9":"category-sur-le-web","10":"entry"},"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"featured_image_src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/Sans-titre3.jpg?resize=431%2C262&ssl=1","featured_image_src_square":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/Sans-titre3.jpg?resize=431%2C262&ssl=1","author_info":{"display_name":"Lyonel Kaufmann","author_link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/author\/lyonelk\/"},"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/Sans-titre3.jpg?fit=431%2C262&ssl=1","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p1rJVM-1Pb","jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":15663,"url":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/2019\/01\/21\/un-manuscrit-indien-renvoie-lorigine-du-chiffre-0-au-ive-siecle\/","url_meta":{"origin":7017,"position":0},"title":"Un manuscrit indien renvoie l&rsquo;origine du chiffre \u201c0\u201d au IVe si\u00e8cle","author":"Lyonel Kaufmann","date":"21 janvier 2019","format":false,"excerpt":"Pour les habitu\u00e9s de math\u00e9matiques, et bien souvent des cancres, le chiffre \u00ab\u00a00\u00a0\u00bb est un symbole familier. Cependant, malgr\u00e9 les id\u00e9es re\u00e7ues, ses origines restent encore incertaines de nos jours. Et, pour preuve, un r\u00e9cent manuscrit d\u00e9couvert au Pakistan relierait les origines du chiffre au IVe si\u00e8cle apr. J.-C., soit\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Nouvelles de l'histoire&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Nouvelles de l'histoire","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/category\/nouvelles-de-lhistoire\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/D9B2FD94-ECF8-48C0-ABB0-B5CD5F7E1923.49ce83e7428a4a8195d59f4ecdb995d3.jpeg?fit=640%2C428&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/D9B2FD94-ECF8-48C0-ABB0-B5CD5F7E1923.49ce83e7428a4a8195d59f4ecdb995d3.jpeg?fit=640%2C428&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/D9B2FD94-ECF8-48C0-ABB0-B5CD5F7E1923.49ce83e7428a4a8195d59f4ecdb995d3.jpeg?fit=640%2C428&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x"},"classes":[]},{"id":19899,"url":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/2024\/03\/05\/decouverte-des-traces-de-neandertal-dans-les-genes-des-indiens\/","url_meta":{"origin":7017,"position":1},"title":"D\u00e9couverte. Des traces de Neandertal dans les g\u00e8nes des Indiens","author":"Lyonel Kaufmann","date":"5 mars 2024","format":false,"excerpt":"Le Courrier international rapporte une \u00e9tude g\u00e9n\u00e9tique r\u00e9v\u00e9lant la pr\u00e9sence de g\u00e8nes n\u00e9andertaliens et d\u00e9nisoviens chez les Indiens, une surprise \u00e9tant donn\u00e9 l'absence de fossiles de ces groupes en Inde. Cette \u00e9tude a \u00e9t\u00e9 men\u00e9e par la g\u00e9n\u00e9ticienne Priya Moorjani et ses coll\u00e8gues de l'universit\u00e9 de Californie, \u00e0 Berkeley. March\u00e9\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Histoire savante&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Histoire savante","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/category\/didactique\/histoire-savante\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/3933879097_1fc8b7e190_c.jpg?fit=800%2C600&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/3933879097_1fc8b7e190_c.jpg?fit=800%2C600&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/3933879097_1fc8b7e190_c.jpg?fit=800%2C600&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/3933879097_1fc8b7e190_c.jpg?fit=800%2C600&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":15643,"url":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/2019\/01\/14\/le-nouveau-visage-de-cro-magnon-radio-canada\/","url_meta":{"origin":7017,"position":2},"title":"Le nouveau visage de Cro-Magnon | Radio-Canada","author":"Lyonel Kaufmann","date":"14 janvier 2019","format":false,"excerpt":"Un texte de Binh An Vu Van , de D\u00e9couverte Dans une vo\u00fbte tamis\u00e9e du Mus\u00e9e de l'Homme, \u00e0 Paris, derri\u00e8re une vitrine close, repose le cr\u00e2ne du \u00ab vieillard \u00bb de Cro-Magnon. Ce sont les restes d'un homme, Homo sapiens comme nous, qui ont travers\u00e9 plus de 28 000\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Nouvelles de l'histoire&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Nouvelles de l'histoire","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/category\/nouvelles-de-lhistoire\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/img_0375.jpg?fit=635%2C357&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/img_0375.jpg?fit=635%2C357&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/img_0375.jpg?fit=635%2C357&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x"},"classes":[]},{"id":7310,"url":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/2013\/08\/06\/le-16e-siecle-portugais-dans-locean-indien-une-economie-de-la-capture-histoire-globale\/","url_meta":{"origin":7017,"position":3},"title":"Le 16e si\u00e8cle portugais dans l\u2019oc\u00e9an Indien : une \u00e9conomie de la capture &#124; Histoire Globale","author":"Lyonel Kaufmann","date":"6 ao\u00fbt 2013","format":false,"excerpt":"Premier de deux articles d'Histoire globale et Philippe Norel consacr\u00e9s \u00e0 l'expansion portugaise \u00a0du 16e si\u00e8cle. Une lecture indispensable pour celles et ceux qui enseigneront les Grandes D\u00e9couvertes europ\u00e9ennes. Ci-dessous, l'introduction du premier article. Vasco de Gama.\u00a0E. Benjamin Andrews History of the United States, from the Earliest Discovery of America\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Didactique&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Didactique","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/category\/didactique\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/411px-Vasco_da_Gama.png?fit=411%2C600&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":6285,"url":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/2012\/10\/16\/les-indiens-a-la-conquete-de-louest-la-vie-des-idees\/","url_meta":{"origin":7017,"position":4},"title":"Les Indiens \u00e0 la conqu\u00eate de l\u2019Ouest &#124; La Vie des id\u00e9es","author":"Lyonel Kaufmann","date":"16 octobre 2012","format":false,"excerpt":"D\u00e9passer le r\u00e9cit national\u00a0: ce d\u00e9fi occupe les historiens depuis plusieurs d\u00e9cennies. 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Un historien finlandais propose, \u00e0 travers l\u2019histoire des Comanches, de pousser jusqu\u2019au bout ce renversement de perspectives pour mettre en\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Histoire savante&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Histoire savante","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/category\/didactique\/histoire-savante\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/10\/arton2053-35d31.jpg?resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":19537,"url":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/2023\/05\/06\/inde-des-manuels-tres-politiques\/","url_meta":{"origin":7017,"position":5},"title":"Inde : Des manuels tr\u00e8s politiques","author":"Lyonel Kaufmann","date":"6 mai 2023","format":false,"excerpt":"The Indian Express r\u00e9v\u00e9lait, d\u00e9but avril, des coups de rabot \u00e9trangement s\u00e9lectifs dans les manuels scolaires du secondaire. 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