{"id":7222,"date":"2013-07-28T22:26:09","date_gmt":"2013-07-28T21:26:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/?p=7222"},"modified":"2013-07-28T22:26:09","modified_gmt":"2013-07-28T21:26:09","slug":"hitler-naurait-pu-prendre-le-pouvoir-sans-la-complicite-delites-bourgeoises-le-nouvel-observateur","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/2013\/07\/28\/hitler-naurait-pu-prendre-le-pouvoir-sans-la-complicite-delites-bourgeoises-le-nouvel-observateur\/","title":{"rendered":"&quot;Hitler n&#039;aurait pu prendre le pouvoir sans la complicit\u00e9 d&#039;\u00e9lites bourgeoises&quot; &#124; Le Nouvel Observateur"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Pour l&rsquo;historien britannique Ian Kershaw, c&rsquo;est la complaisance d&rsquo;\u00e9lites bourgeoises convaincues, \u00e0 tort, de pouvoir les manipuler qui a permis aux nazis de prendre le pouvoir en 1933. Un calcul fou. Extrait.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/07\/6164307-hitler-n-aurait-pu-prendre-le-pouvoir-sans-la-complicite-d-elites.jpg\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter  wp-image-7227\" alt=\"6164307-hitler-n-aurait-pu-prendre-le-pouvoir-sans-la-complicite-d-elites\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/07\/6164307-hitler-n-aurait-pu-prendre-le-pouvoir-sans-la-complicite-d-elites.jpg?resize=583%2C289\" width=\"583\" height=\"289\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Photos prises en 1927 juste apr\u00e8s qu&rsquo;Hitler a \u00e9t\u00e9 proclam\u00e9 \u00ab\u00a0Fuhrer\u00a0\u00bb du parti nazi. Devant l&rsquo;objectif de son photographes personnel, Heinrich Hoffmann, il peaufine la gestuelle de ces discours&#8230; (Eventpress Hoensch-Maxppp)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Une question obs\u00e8de l&rsquo;Allemagne et l&rsquo;Europe depuis quatre-vingts ans : comment un peintre rat\u00e9, sans fortune ni \u00e9ducation, un marginal d\u00e9sax\u00e9, incapable d&rsquo;entretenir une relation humaine stable, a-t-il pu prendre le pouvoir dans l&rsquo;un des Etats les plus avanc\u00e9s du monde ? Sans la complaisance puis la complicit\u00e9 d&rsquo;une partie de l&rsquo;\u00e9lite allemande, \u00e9crivez-vous dans votre monumentale biographie de Hitler, rien n&rsquo;aurait \u00e9t\u00e9 possible. Pourquoi ?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>&#8211; A plusieurs \u00e9tapes cruciales de son ascension, Hitler a b\u00e9n\u00e9fici\u00e9 de protections en haut lieu. Cela n&rsquo;explique pas tout, \u00e9videmment. L&rsquo;humiliante d\u00e9faite de 1918, l&rsquo;hyper-inflation de 1923, la grande crise \u00e9conomique de 1930, le rejet de la R\u00e9publique de Weimar, les talents d&rsquo;orateur de Hitler et bien d&rsquo;autres facteurs ont concouru \u00e0 cette prise du pouvoir. Mais celle-ci n\u00e9tait pas in\u00e9luctable. De 1919, quand tout a commenc\u00e9, \u00e0 1933, nombre de responsables politiques, judiciaires ou militaires auraient pu stopper la carri\u00e8re du futur dictateur. Mais la plupart n&rsquo;ont m\u00eame pas essay\u00e9. Pis, beaucoup l&rsquo;ont favoris\u00e9e pensant qu&rsquo;ils pourraient en tirer profit.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>La suite de l&rsquo;interview :\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/tempsreel.nouvelobs.com\/le-dossier-de-l-obs\/20130726.OBS1194\/hitler-n-aurait-pu-prendre-le-pouvoir-sans-la-complicite-d-elites.html\">\u00ab\u00a0Hitler n&rsquo;aurait pu prendre le pouvoir sans la complicit\u00e9 d&rsquo;\u00e9lites bourgeoises\u00a0\u00bb &#8211; Le Nouvel Observateur<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Pour l&rsquo;historien britannique Ian Kershaw, c&rsquo;est la complaisance d&rsquo;\u00e9lites bourgeoises convaincues, \u00e0 tort, de pouvoir les manipuler qui a permis aux nazis de prendre le pouvoir en 1933. Un calcul fou. Extrait. Photos prises en 1927 juste apr\u00e8s qu&rsquo;Hitler a \u00e9t\u00e9 proclam\u00e9 \u00ab\u00a0Fuhrer\u00a0\u00bb du parti nazi. Devant l&rsquo;objectif de son photographes personnel, Heinrich Hoffmann, il [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":10023,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_import_markdown_pro_load_document_selector":0,"_import_markdown_pro_submit_text_textarea":"","_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[5,11,13],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-7222","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-histoire-savante","8":"category-nouvelles-de-lhistoire","9":"category-opinionsreflexions","10":"entry"},"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"featured_image_src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/6164307-hitler-n-aurait-pu-prendre-le-pouvoir-sans-la-complicite-d-elites.jpg?resize=600%2C400&ssl=1","featured_image_src_square":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/6164307-hitler-n-aurait-pu-prendre-le-pouvoir-sans-la-complicite-d-elites.jpg?resize=600%2C413&ssl=1","author_info":{"display_name":"Lyonel Kaufmann","author_link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/author\/lyonelk\/"},"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/6164307-hitler-n-aurait-pu-prendre-le-pouvoir-sans-la-complicite-d-elites.jpg?fit=833%2C413&ssl=1","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p1rJVM-1Su","jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":6435,"url":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/2012\/11\/17\/ian-kershaw-2012-la-fin\/","url_meta":{"origin":7222,"position":0},"title":"Ian Kershaw (2012). La Fin","author":"Lyonel Kaufmann","date":"17 novembre 2012","format":false,"excerpt":"\u00ab\u00a0L\u2019attrait charismatique de Hitler aupr\u00e8s des masses s\u2019\u00e9tait de longue date dissous, mais les mentalit\u00e9s et les structures de son pouvoir charismatique perdur\u00e8rent jusqu\u2019\u00e0 sa mort dans le bunker. Divis\u00e9es, les \u00e9lites dominantes ne poss\u00e9daient ni la volont\u00e9 collective ni les m\u00e9canismes de pouvoir pour emp\u00eacher Hitler d\u2019entra\u00eener l\u2019Allemagne vers\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Histoire savante&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Histoire savante","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/category\/didactique\/histoire-savante\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/11\/L9782020803014-190x300.jpg?resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":4433,"url":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/2011\/06\/10\/comment-hitler-a-t-il-conquis-le-pouvoir-tous\/","url_meta":{"origin":7222,"position":1},"title":"Comment Hitler a-t-il conquis le pouvoir\u00a0? Tous les Allemands \u00e9taient-ils nazis\u00a0?","author":"Lyonel Kaufmann","date":"10 juin 2011","format":"image","excerpt":"Comment Hitler a-t-il conquis le pouvoir\u00a0? Tous les Allemands \u00e9taient-ils nazis\u00a0? Le Grand Capital l\u2019a-t-il soutenu\u00a0? L\u2019antis\u00e9mitisme allemand menait-il \u00e0 l\u2019extermination\u00a0? Les r\u00e9ponses des plus grands sp\u00e9cialistes, parmi lesquels Philippe Burrin, Ian Kershaw, Saul Friedl\u00e4nder et Jean-Pierre Az\u00e9ma. Le livre (ePub) : \u00a0https:\/\/www.numilog.com\/Pages\/Livres\/Fiche.aspx?LIVRE_ID=89244","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Nouvelles de l'histoire&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Nouvelles de l'histoire","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/category\/nouvelles-de-lhistoire\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/couverture.numilog.com\/9782818501375_w300.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":11488,"url":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/2016\/05\/26\/quand-hitler-est-rentre-de-la-guerre-il-navait-aucune-orientation-politique-slate-fr\/","url_meta":{"origin":7222,"position":2},"title":"\u00abQuand Hitler est rentr\u00e9 de la guerre, il n&rsquo;avait aucune orientation politique\u00bb | Slate.fr","author":"Lyonel Kaufmann","date":"26 mai 2016","format":false,"excerpt":"Une nouvelle biographie tente d'\u00e9claircir le cheminement politique du dirigeant nazi. M\u00eame si tout semble avoir d\u00e9j\u00e0 \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9crit au sujet d'Adolf Hitler, pas une ann\u00e9e ne passe sans qu'un historien n'exhume un pan m\u00e9connu de la personnalit\u00e9 ou de la biographie du dictateur nazi. Dans son nouvel ouvrage Wie\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Histoire savante&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Histoire savante","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/category\/didactique\/histoire-savante\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/hitler_with_other_german_soldiers.jpg?fit=1090%2C500&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/hitler_with_other_german_soldiers.jpg?fit=1090%2C500&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/hitler_with_other_german_soldiers.jpg?fit=1090%2C500&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/hitler_with_other_german_soldiers.jpg?fit=1090%2C500&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/hitler_with_other_german_soldiers.jpg?fit=1090%2C500&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":12329,"url":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/2016\/11\/16\/dhitler-a-trump-larrivee-et-la-gestion-du-pouvoir\/","url_meta":{"origin":7222,"position":3},"title":"D&rsquo;Hitler \u00e0 Trump : l&rsquo;arriv\u00e9e et la gestion du pouvoir","author":"Lyonel Kaufmann","date":"16 novembre 2016","format":false,"excerpt":"Dans son \u00e9dition du 15 novembre 2016, le journal qu\u00e9b\u00e9cois La Presse se faisait l'\u00e9cho de la confusion qui semblait r\u00e9gner dans l'\u00e9quipe de transition de Donald Trump (Confusion dans l'\u00e9quipe de transition de Donald Trump | Catherine TRIOMPHE, Ivan COURONNE | \u00c9tats-Unis)\u00a0: Donald Trump luttait mercredi pour dissiper l'impression\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Opinions&amp;R\u00e9flexions&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Opinions&amp;R\u00e9flexions","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/category\/didactique\/opinionsreflexions\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/trump-hitler.jpg?fit=880%2C580&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/trump-hitler.jpg?fit=880%2C580&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/trump-hitler.jpg?fit=880%2C580&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/trump-hitler.jpg?fit=880%2C580&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":9640,"url":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/2015\/04\/06\/georg-elser-lhomme-qui-a-manque-dassassiner-hitler-pour-treize-minutes-slate-fr\/","url_meta":{"origin":7222,"position":4},"title":"Georg Elser, l&rsquo;homme qui a manqu\u00e9 d&rsquo;assassiner Hitler pour treize minutes | Slate.fr","author":"Lyonel Kaufmann","date":"6 avril 2015","format":false,"excerpt":"Georg Elser, l'homme qui a manqu\u00e9 d'assassiner Hitler pour treize minutes | Slate.fr: Le 8 novembre 1939, Adolf Hitler se rend, comme chaque ann\u00e9e, \u00e0 Munich pour comm\u00e9morer sa tentative rat\u00e9e de prise de pouvoir de 1923, le \u00abputsch de la brasserie\u00bb. Traditionnellement, il y prononce un discours, reste discuter\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;M\u00e9dias et technologies&quot;","block_context":{"text":"M\u00e9dias et technologies","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/category\/medias-et-technologies\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/01.jpg?fit=480%2C360&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":4321,"url":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/2011\/11\/20\/revue-de-presse-19-novembre-2011\/","url_meta":{"origin":7222,"position":5},"title":"Revue de presse : Apocalypse Hitler (19 novembre 2011)","author":"Lyonel Kaufmann","date":"20 novembre 2011","format":false,"excerpt":"Diffus\u00e9 \u00e0 une heure de grande \u00e9coute sur une cha\u00eene du service publique, Apocalypse Hitler pr\u00e9sente beaucoup d'atours susceptible de s\u00e9duire les enseignants d'histoire. La revue de presse ci-dessous permet de remettre cette s\u00e9rie \u00e0 une plus juste place. Apocalypse Hitler - Edouard Husson, vice-chancelier des Universit\u00e9s de Paris et\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Nouvelles de l'histoire&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Nouvelles de l'histoire","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/category\/nouvelles-de-lhistoire\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7222","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7222"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7222\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/10023"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7222"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7222"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7222"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}