{"id":7558,"date":"2013-10-04T08:07:26","date_gmt":"2013-10-04T07:07:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/?p=7558"},"modified":"2013-10-04T08:07:26","modified_gmt":"2013-10-04T07:07:26","slug":"quelle-memoire-pour-les-fusilles-de-14-18-un-point-de-vue-historien","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/2013\/10\/04\/quelle-memoire-pour-les-fusilles-de-14-18-un-point-de-vue-historien\/","title":{"rendered":"Quelle m\u00e9moire pour les fusill\u00e9s de 14-18? Un point de vue historien"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>De 1914 \u00e0 1918, 741 jeunes soldats fran\u00e7ais ont \u00e9t\u00e9 condamn\u00e9s et fusill\u00e9s. La mission du centenaire vient de remettre son rapport, sous la direction d&rsquo;Antoine Prost.  Les faits sont troublants : le nombre de fusill\u00e9s est directement li\u00e9 \u00e0 la dur\u00e9e d ela guerre. 1914 et 1915 sont  les pires ann\u00e9es o\u00f9 l&rsquo;arm\u00e9e entend installer son autorit\u00e9. On fusille pour refus d&rsquo;ob\u00e9issance (60 en 1915) ou \u00ab\u00a0abandon de poste\u00a0\u00bb (148 la m\u00eame ann\u00e9e).<br \/>\nAujourd\u00b4hui, alors que la stigmatisation des familles n&rsquo;existe plus et que notre regard \u00e0 chang\u00e9 \u00e0 leurs propos, que faire ? Quatre pistes sont abord\u00e9es et discut\u00e9es dans ce rapport :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Ne rien faire<\/li>\n<li>D\u00e9cr\u00e9ter une r\u00e9habilitation g\u00e9n\u00e9rale<\/li>\n<li>Proc\u00e9der \u00e0 une r\u00e9habilitation au cas par cas<\/li>\n<li>Une d\u00e9claration solennelle, \u00e9ventuellement renforc\u00e9e par un projet p\u00e9dagogique.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>P\u00e9dagogiquement, aborder la guerre sous cet angle am\u00e8ne les \u00e9l\u00e8ves \u00e0 saisir l&rsquo;originalit\u00e9 de ce conflit et, en m\u00eame temps, \u00e0 saisir les enjeux contemporains de la m\u00e9moire.<\/p>\n<p>Le rapport au format .pdf : <a href=\"http:\/\/centenaire.org\/sites\/default\/files\/references-files\/rapport_fusilles.pdf\">http:\/\/centenaire.org\/sites\/default\/files\/references-files\/rapport_fusilles.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>De 1914 \u00e0 1918, 741 jeunes soldats fran\u00e7ais ont \u00e9t\u00e9 condamn\u00e9s et fusill\u00e9s. La mission du centenaire vient de remettre son rapport, sous la direction d&rsquo;Antoine Prost. Les faits sont troublants : le nombre de fusill\u00e9s est directement li\u00e9 \u00e0 la dur\u00e9e d ela guerre. 1914 et 1915 sont les pires ann\u00e9es o\u00f9 l&rsquo;arm\u00e9e entend [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":9896,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_import_markdown_pro_load_document_selector":0,"_import_markdown_pro_submit_text_textarea":"","_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[5,11,13,16,17],"tags":[23,155,285],"class_list":{"0":"post-7558","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-histoire-savante","8":"category-nouvelles-de-lhistoire","9":"category-opinionsreflexions","10":"category-publications","11":"category-sur-le-web","12":"tag-14-18","13":"tag-commemorations","14":"tag-fusilles","15":"entry"},"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"featured_image_src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/06\/signature_lk2.jpg?resize=600%2C184&ssl=1","featured_image_src_square":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/06\/signature_lk2.jpg?resize=600%2C184&ssl=1","author_info":{"display_name":"Lyonel Kaufmann","author_link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/author\/lyonelk\/"},"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/06\/signature_lk2.jpg?fit=658%2C184&ssl=1","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p1rJVM-1XU","jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":11496,"url":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/2016\/05\/27\/14-18-le-cas-des-fusilles-pour-lexemple\/","url_meta":{"origin":7558,"position":0},"title":"14-18 : Le cas des fusill\u00e9s pour l&rsquo;exemple","author":"Lyonel Kaufmann","date":"27 mai 2016","format":false,"excerpt":"L'Assembl\u00e9e nationale a rejet\u00e9 le 26 mai une proposition de loi d\u00e9pos\u00e9e par Jean-Jacques Candelier (PCF), pr\u00e9voyant la r\u00e9habilitation des fusill\u00e9s pour l'exemple durant la premi\u00e8re guerre mondiale. Ce qui est int\u00e9ressant c'est que la proposition s'appuie sur un rapport qui \u00e9tablit 600 cas de fusill\u00e9s pour l'exemple. Pratiquement tous\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Nouvelles de l'histoire&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Nouvelles de l'histoire","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/category\/nouvelles-de-lhistoire\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":5509,"url":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/2012\/06\/04\/14-18-obeir-est-ce-adherer-chronique-no-133\/","url_meta":{"origin":7558,"position":1},"title":"14-18 : ob\u00e9ir est-ce adh\u00e9rer ? &#124; Chronique no 133","author":"Lyonel Kaufmann","date":"4 juin 2012","format":false,"excerpt":"Apr\u00e8s le maelstr\u00f6m en 2008 des comm\u00e9morations du quatre-vingt-dixi\u00e8me anniversaire de la signature de l\u2019armistice de Rethondes et de la disparition la m\u00eame ann\u00e9e du dernier poilu, le temps de la recherche historique est peut-\u00eatre revenu. Renouvellera-t-il notre enseignement de 14-18, voire notre enseignement de l'histoire tout court \u00e0 l'\u00e8re\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Histoire active&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Histoire active","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/category\/didactique\/histoire-active\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/saintfuscien_avosordres.jpg?fit=400%2C600&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":503,"url":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/2008\/11\/13\/links-for-2008-11-13\/","url_meta":{"origin":7558,"position":2},"title":"Comm\u00e9moration 14-18","author":"Lyonel Kaufmann","date":"13 novembre 2008","format":false,"excerpt":"Dailymotion - Le bruit et la fureur, une vid\u00e9o de hgeo-college. histoire, grande guerre, guerre, m\u00e9moire, comm\u00e9morations Reportage au journal de France 2 relatif au documentaire \u00ab14-18, le bruit et la fureur\u00bb. Int\u00e9ressant relativement au choix historiographique op\u00e9r\u00e9\u2026 (tags: Histoire Film&Histoire M\u00e9diaTIC Histoire&M\u00e9moire Historiographie 14-18) Un 11-Novembre \"du c\u00f4t\u00e9 des\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Annuaire de sites&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Annuaire de sites","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/category\/medias-et-technologies\/annuaire-de-sites\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/AtWio.jpg?fit=320%2C240&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":13027,"url":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/2017\/04\/15\/nicolas-offenstadt-la-bataille-du-chemin-des-dames-a-ete-marginalisee-dans-lhistoire\/","url_meta":{"origin":7558,"position":3},"title":"Nicolas Offenstadt : \u00ab\u00a0La bataille du Chemin des Dames a \u00e9t\u00e9 marginalis\u00e9e dans l&rsquo;Histoire\u00a0\u00bb","author":"Lyonel Kaufmann","date":"15 avril 2017","format":false,"excerpt":"Le Pr\u00e9sident Hollande est attendu dans l'Aisne pour les c\u00e9r\u00e9monies du centenaire de l\u2019offensive Nivelle du 16 avril 1917 au Chemin des Dames. L'historien Nicolas Offenstadt, sp\u00e9cialiste de la premi\u00e8re Guerre mondiale est l'invit\u00e9 d'Ali Baddou sur France Inter. Vers une r\u00e9habilitation ? Fran\u00e7ois Hollande sera le premier chef d'Etat\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Nouvelles de l'histoire&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Nouvelles de l'histoire","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/category\/nouvelles-de-lhistoire\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/image.jpg?fit=1200%2C1183&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/image.jpg?fit=1200%2C1183&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/image.jpg?fit=1200%2C1183&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/image.jpg?fit=1200%2C1183&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/image.jpg?fit=1200%2C1183&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":8540,"url":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/2014\/11\/11\/14-18-revue-de-presse-du-11-novembre\/","url_meta":{"origin":7558,"position":4},"title":"14-18 : revue de presse du 11 novembre","author":"Lyonel Kaufmann","date":"11 novembre 2014","format":false,"excerpt":"Les comm\u00e9morations de 14-18 battent leur plein plus particuli\u00e8rement en ce 11 novembre. Revue de presse subjective d\u2019articles actuels ou de 2014 sur le conflit. Documentaire. En m\u00e9moire de ces \u00abPoilus d\u2019ailleurs\u00bb | Mediapart\u00a0 Ils venaient de tous les coins du monde, enr\u00f4l\u00e9s de gr\u00e9 ou de force pour se\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Nouvelles de l'histoire&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Nouvelles de l'histoire","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/category\/nouvelles-de-lhistoire\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/1415738078_thumb.jpeg.jpg?fit=720%2C405&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/1415738078_thumb.jpeg.jpg?fit=720%2C405&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/1415738078_thumb.jpeg.jpg?fit=720%2C405&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/1415738078_thumb.jpeg.jpg?fit=720%2C405&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":7697,"url":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/2013\/12\/06\/pourquoi-appelle-t-on-la-premiere-guerre-mondiale-la-grande-guerre-14-18-chroniques-du-centenaire\/","url_meta":{"origin":7558,"position":5},"title":"Pourquoi appelle-t-on la premi\u00e8re guerre mondiale la \u00ab\u00a0Grande Guerre\u00a0\u00bb ? &#124; 14-18 : Chroniques du Centenaire","author":"Lyonel Kaufmann","date":"6 d\u00e9cembre 2013","format":false,"excerpt":"Toutes les nations bellig\u00e9rantes ont employ\u00e9 cette expression. Une question se pose pourtant : quand et dans quel pays l'expression \u00ab Grande Guerre \u00bb est-elle apparue pour la premi\u00e8re fois ? L'historien Nicolas Offenstadt, sp\u00e9cialiste de la premi\u00e8re guerre mondiale, r\u00e9pond : \u00ab A ma connaissance, on manque d'une \u00e9tude\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Histoire active&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Histoire active","link":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/category\/didactique\/histoire-active\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7558","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7558"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7558\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9896"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7558"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7558"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lyonelkaufmann.ch\/histoire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7558"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}